输入是【1,3,600,700】的tensor,Unet网络有3个encoder,每个encoder对应3个decoder,如何添加attention机制提高模型准确度,请给出paddle的示例
时间: 2023-06-14 10:06:34 浏览: 46
可以在Unet的decoder部分添加attention机制来提高模型准确度。具体实现方法是在decoder的每一层后面添加一个attention模块,将encoder对应层的输出作为attention模块的输入,然后将attention模块的输出与decoder的输出相加。这样可以使decoder更加关注encoder中与当前层相关的特征,从而提高模型的准确度。
PaddlePaddle的实现示例代码如下:
``` python
import paddle
import paddle.nn as nn
class AttentionBlock(nn.Layer):
def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels):
super(AttentionBlock, self).__init__()
self.query_conv = nn.Conv2D(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1)
self.key_conv = nn.Conv2D(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1)
self.value_conv = nn.Conv2D(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1)
self.gamma = paddle.create_parameter(shape=[1], dtype='float32', default_initializer=nn.initializer.Constant(0.0))
def forward(self, x, encoder_output):
batch_size, channels, height, width = x.shape
query = self.query_conv(x).reshape([batch_size, -1, width * height]).transpose([0, 2, 1])
key = self.key_conv(encoder_output).reshape([batch_size, -1, width * height])
value = self.value_conv(encoder_output).reshape([batch_size, -1, width * height])
attention = nn.functional.softmax(paddle.bmm(query, key), axis=-1)
context = paddle.bmm(value, attention.transpose([0, 2, 1])).reshape([batch_size, -1, height, width])
out = x + self.gamma * context
return out
class DecoderBlock(nn.Layer):
def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels):
super(DecoderBlock, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2D(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, padding=1)
self.conv2 = nn.Conv2D(out_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, padding=1)
self.attention = AttentionBlock(in_channels, in_channels)
def forward(self, x, encoder_output):
x = nn.functional.interpolate(x, scale_factor=2, mode='bilinear', align_corners=True)
x = paddle.concat([x, encoder_output], axis=1)
x = self.attention(x, encoder_output)
x = nn.functional.relu(self.conv1(x))
x = nn.functional.relu(self.conv2(x))
return x
class Unet(nn.Layer):
def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels):
super(Unet, self).__init__()
self.encoder1 = nn.Sequential(
nn.Conv2D(in_channels, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
nn.ReLU(),
nn.Conv2D(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
nn.ReLU()
)
self.encoder2 = nn.Sequential(
nn.MaxPool2D(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
nn.Conv2D(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
nn.ReLU(),
nn.Conv2D(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
nn.ReLU()
)
self.encoder3 = nn.Sequential(
nn.MaxPool2D(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
nn.Conv2D(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
nn.ReLU(),
nn.Conv2D(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
nn.ReLU()
)
self.decoder3 = nn.Sequential(
DecoderBlock(256 + 128, 128),
DecoderBlock(128, 64),
nn.Conv2D(64, out_channels, kernel_size=1)
)
self.decoder2 = nn.Sequential(
DecoderBlock(128 + 64, 64),
DecoderBlock(64, 32),
nn.Conv2D(32, out_channels, kernel_size=1)
)
self.decoder1 = nn.Sequential(
DecoderBlock(64 + 32, 32),
DecoderBlock(32, 32),
nn.Conv2D(32, out_channels, kernel_size=1)
)
def forward(self, x):
encoder1_output = self.encoder1(x)
encoder2_output = self.encoder2(encoder1_output)
encoder3_output = self.encoder3(encoder2_output)
decoder3_output = self.decoder3(encoder3_output, encoder2_output)
decoder2_output = self.decoder2(decoder3_output, encoder1_output)
decoder1_output = self.decoder1(decoder2_output, x)
return decoder1_output
```
在上述代码中,我们首先定义了一个AttentionBlock类来实现attention机制。在forward函数中,我们首先将输入x和encoder_output通过三个卷积层分别转换成query、key和value,然后计算得到注意力矩阵attention,再将attention与value相乘得到上下文向量context,最后将context和原始输入x加权相加得到输出out。
接着,我们定义了一个DecoderBlock类来实现decoder部分的每一个层。在forward函数中,我们首先对输入x进行上采样,然后将上采样后的结果和encoder对应层的输出encoder_output进行concat,再通过attention机制得到注意力加权的encoder_output,最后经过两个卷积层得到输出。
最后,我们定义了整个Unet模型,包括三个encoder和三个decoder。在forward函数中,我们首先将输入x经过encoder1、encoder2和encoder3,然后将encoder3的输出和encoder2的输出作为decoder3的输入,将decoder3的输出和encoder1的输出作为decoder2的输入,将decoder2的输出和输入x作为decoder1的输入,得到最终的输出。
这样,在Unet的decoder部分添加attention机制后,可以有效提高模型的准确度。