c++complex
时间: 2023-06-29 22:14:36 浏览: 137
C++中的complex是一个头文件<complex>中定义的类,用于处理复数。它的定义形式如下:
```c++
template <class T> class complex;
```
其中T可以是float, double或long double等基本数据类型。这个类模板包含了一些成员函数和运算符,可以进行复数的基本运算,例如加、减、乘、除、求模、求幅角等。同时,它也支持一些常见函数,如sin、cos、exp等,可以直接对复数进行计算。需要注意的是,这些函数的返回值类型都是复数类型。
相关问题
complex在c语言用法,C++ complex abs()用法及代码示例
在 C 语言中,`complex` 是一个复数类型,表示为 `double _Complex` 或者 `float _Complex`。可以使用标准库函数对复数进行各种运算和操作。
示例代码:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <complex.h>
int main() {
double _Complex c1 = 1.0 + 2.0 * I;
double _Complex c2 = 2.0 - 1.0 * I;
double _Complex sum = c1 + c2;
double _Complex diff = c1 - c2;
double _Complex prod = c1 * c2;
double _Complex quot = c1 / c2;
printf("c1 = %.2f + %.2fi\n", creal(c1), cimag(c1));
printf("c2 = %.2f + %.2fi\n", creal(c2), cimag(c2));
printf("sum = %.2f + %.2fi\n", creal(sum), cimag(sum));
printf("diff = %.2f + %.2fi\n", creal(diff), cimag(diff));
printf("prod = %.2f + %.2fi\n", creal(prod), cimag(prod));
printf("quot = %.2f + %.2fi\n", creal(quot), cimag(quot));
return 0;
}
```
在 C++ 中,`complex` 是一个类模板,表示为 `std::complex<T>`,其中 `T` 可以是 `float`, `double` 或者 `long double`。`std::complex` 重载了各种运算符和成员函数,可以对复数进行各种运算和操作。
`abs()` 函数用于计算复数的绝对值,即模长,返回类型为 `T`。
示例代码:
```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <complex>
int main() {
std::complex<double> c1(1.0, 2.0);
std::complex<double> c2(2.0, -1.0);
std::complex<double> sum = c1 + c2;
std::complex<double> diff = c1 - c2;
std::complex<double> prod = c1 * c2;
std::complex<double> quot = c1 / c2;
std::cout << "c1 = " << c1.real() << " + " << c1.imag() << "i\n";
std::cout << "c2 = " << c2.real() << " + " << c2.imag() << "i\n";
std::cout << "sum = " << sum.real() << " + " << sum.imag() << "i\n";
std::cout << "diff = " << diff.real() << " + " << diff.imag() << "i\n";
std::cout << "prod = " << prod.real() << " + " << prod.imag() << "i\n";
std::cout << "quot = " << quot.real() << " + " << quot.imag() << "i\n";
std::cout << "abs(c1) = " << std::abs(c1) << "\n";
std::cout << "abs(c2) = " << std::abs(c2) << "\n";
return 0;
}
```
c++自定义complex库
在 C++ 中,`<complex>` 标准库提供了一个用于处理复数的模板类 `std::complex`。如果你想自定义一个类似的复杂库,你可以创建一个名为 Complex 的类,它包含两个私有变量(通常是 double 类型)代表实部和虚部,并实现必要的运算符重载以及成员函数。
以下是一个简单的自定义 Complex 类的例子:
```cpp
class Complex {
public:
// 构造函数
Complex(double real = 0.0, double imag = 0.0) : real_(real), imag_(imag) {}
// 获取和设置实部和虚部
double getReal() const { return real_; }
void setReal(double r) { real_ = r; }
double getImaginary() const { return imag_; }
void setImaginary(double i) { imag_ = i; }
// 运算符重载
Complex operator+(const Complex& other) const {
return Complex(real_ + other.real_, imag_ + other.imag_);
}
Complex operator-(const Complex& other) const {
return Complex(real_ - other.real_, imag_ - other.imag_);
}
Complex operator*(const Complex& other) const {
return Complex(real_ * other.real_ - imag_ * other.imag_, real_ * other.imag_ + imag_ * other.real_);
}
Complex operator/(const Complex& other) const {
double denominator = other.real_ * other.real_ + other.imag_ * other.imag_;
return Complex((real_ * other.real_ + imag_ * other.imag_) / denominator,
(imag_ * other.real_ - real_ * other.imag_) / denominator);
}
private:
double real_, imag_; // 实部和虚部
};
```
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