Java创建图形界面（GUI），创建一个学生管理界面，实现录入，查询，删除，更改等操作

好的，我可以为您提供一个简单的 Java 学生管理系统的示例代码，供您参考。这个学生管理系统包括一个主界面和一个学生信息编辑界面，您可以在主界面中执行查询、添加、修改和删除操作，然后在学生信息编辑界面中查看和编辑具体的学生信息。

这里使用了 Java Swing 框架，以便创建图形用户界面。

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;

// 学生类
class Student {
    private String name;
    private String id;
    private String major;
    
    public Student(String name, String id, String major) {
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.major = major;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public String getMajor() {
        return major;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public void setMajor(String major) {
        this.major = major;
    }
}

// 学生管理系统主界面
class MainFrame extends JFrame {
    private ArrayList<Student> students;
    private JTextField searchField;
    private JTable table;
    private JButton addButton;
    private JButton editButton;
    private JButton deleteButton;
    
    public MainFrame() {
        super("学生管理系统");
        students = new ArrayList<Student>();
        students.add(new Student("小明", "001", "计算机科学与技术"));
        students.add(new Student("小红", "002", "信息管理与信息系统"));
        students.add(new Student("小刚", "003", "软件工程"));
        
        // 创建主界面
        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        getContentPane().add(panel);
        
        // 创建搜索框和搜索按钮
        JPanel searchPanel = new JPanel();
        searchField = new JTextField(20);
        searchPanel.add(searchField);
        JButton searchButton = new JButton("搜索");
        searchPanel.add(searchButton);
        panel.add(searchPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        
        // 创建表格
        String[] columnNames = {"姓名", "学号", "专业"};
        Object[][] rowData = new Object[students.size()][3];
        for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {
            rowData[i][0] = students.get(i).getName();
            rowData[i][1] = students.get(i).getId();
            rowData[i][2] = students.get(i).getMajor();
        }
        table = new JTable(rowData, columnNames);
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);
        panel.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        
        // 创建操作按钮
        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
        addButton = new JButton("添加");
        buttonPanel.add(addButton);
        editButton = new JButton("编辑");
        buttonPanel.add(editButton);
        deleteButton = new JButton("删除");
        buttonPanel.add(deleteButton);
        panel.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        
        // 设置界面属性
        setSize(600, 400);
        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setVisible(true);
        
        // 绑定事件处理程序
        searchButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String searchText = searchField.getText();
                for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {
                    if (students.get(i).getName().equals(searchText) || 
                        students.get(i).getId().equals(searchText) || 
                        students.get(i).getMajor().equals(searchText)) {
                        table.setRowSelectionInterval(i, i);
                        table.scrollRectToVisible(table.getCellRect(i, 0, true));
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        
        addButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                new EditFrame(students, -1);
            }
        });
        
        editButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                int index = table.getSelectedRow();
                if (index >= 0) {
                    new EditFrame(students, index);
                } else {
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(MainFrame.this, "请选择一行学生信息！");
                }
            }
        });
        
        deleteButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                int index = table.getSelectedRow();
                if (index >= 0) {
                    students.remove(index);
                    refreshTable();
                } else {
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(MainFrame.this, "请选择一行学生信息！");
                }
            }
        });
    }
    
    // 刷新表格数据
    public void refreshTable() {
        String[] columnNames = {"姓名", "学号", "专业"};
        Object[][] rowData = new Object[students.size()][3];
        for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {
            rowData[i][0] = students.get(i).getName();
            rowData[i][1] = students.get(i).getId();
            rowData[i][2] = students.get(i).getMajor();
        }
        table.setModel(new DefaultTableModel(rowData, columnNames));
    }
}

// 学生信息编辑界面
class EditFrame extends JFrame {
    private ArrayList<Student> students;
    private int index;
    private JTextField nameField;
    private JTextField idField;
    private JTextField majorField;
    
    public EditFrame(ArrayList<Student> students, int index) {
        super("编辑学生信息");
        this.students = students;
        this.index = index;
        
        // 创建编辑界面
        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(4, 2));
        getContentPane().add(panel);
        
        panel.add(new JLabel("姓名："));
        nameField = new JTextField();
        panel.add(nameField);
        
        panel.add(new JLabel("学号："));
        idField = new JTextField();
        panel.add(idField);
        
        panel.add(new JLabel("专业："));
        majorField = new JTextField();
        panel.add(majorField);
        
        JButton saveButton = new JButton("保存");
        panel.add(saveButton);
        JButton cancelButton = new JButton("取消");
        panel.add(cancelButton);
        
        // 设置界面属性
        setSize(400, 200);
        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        setVisible(true);
        
        // 加载学生信息
        if (index >= 0) {
            Student student = students.get(index);
            nameField.setText(student.getName());
            idField.setText(student.getId());
            majorField.setText(student.getMajor());
        }
        
        // 绑定事件处理程序
        saveButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String name = nameField.getText();
                String id = idField.getText();
                String major = majorField.getText();
                if (name.isEmpty() || id.isEmpty() || major.isEmpty()) {
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(EditFrame.this, "请填写完整的学生信息！");
                } else if (index >= 0) {
                    Student student = students.get(index);
                    student.setName(name);
                    student.setId(id);
                    student.setMajor(major);
                    ((MainFrame) SwingUtilities.getWindowAncestor(EditFrame.this)).refreshTable();
                    dispose();
                } else {
                    students.add(new Student(name, id, major));
                    ((MainFrame) SwingUtilities.getWindowAncestor(EditFrame.this)).refreshTable();
                    dispose();
                }
            }
        });
        
        cancelButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                dispose();
            }
        });
    }
}

// 主程序入口
public class StudentManagementSystem {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MainFrame();
    }
}

这个示例代码包括了一个 `Student` 类，用于存储学生信息，一个 `MainFrame` 类，用于创建主界面，以及一个 `EditFrame` 类，用于创建学生信息编辑界面。在 `MainFrame` 中，我们使用了 `JTextField`、`JTable`、`JButton` 等控件，以便实现各种操作。在 `EditFrame` 中，我们使用了文本框和按钮控件，以便编辑和保存学生信息。

这个示例代码实现了基本的查询、添加、修改和删除操作，但是还有很多功能可以进一步扩展和完善，例如数据校验、数据存储等等。