用IDEA设计一个学生信息管理系统代码

以下是一个简单的学生信息管理系统的代码实现，使用Java Swing实现用户界面，使用文件存储学生信息：

1. 学生类

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private String id;
    private String gender;
    private int age;
    private String className;

    public Student(String name, String id, String gender, int age, String className) {
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.age = age;
        this.className = className;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }

    public void setClassName(String className) {
        this.className = className;
    }
}

2. 学生信息管理类

import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class StudentManager {
    private ArrayList<Student> students;
    private String fileName;

    public StudentManager(String fileName) {
        this.fileName = fileName;
        students = new ArrayList<>();
        loadFromFile();
    }

    public void addStudent(Student student) {
        students.add(student);
        saveToFile();
    }

    public void removeStudent(Student student) {
        students.remove(student);
        saveToFile();
    }

    public void updateStudent(Student oldStudent, Student newStudent) {
        int index = students.indexOf(oldStudent);
        if (index != -1) {
            students.set(index, newStudent);
            saveToFile();
        }
    }

    public ArrayList<Student> searchStudent(String keyword) {
        ArrayList<Student> result = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Student student : students) {
            if (student.getName().contains(keyword) || student.getGender().contains(keyword) ||
                    student.getId().contains(keyword) || student.getClassName().contains(keyword)) {
                result.add(student);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    public ArrayList<Student> getAllStudents() {
        return students;
    }

    private void loadFromFile() {
        try (ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName))) {
            students = (ArrayList<Student>) in.readObject();
        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void saveToFile() {
        try (ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileName))) {
            out.writeObject(students);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3. 用户界面

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class StudentGUI extends JFrame {
    private StudentManager studentManager;
    private JTextField nameField;
    private JTextField idField;
    private JTextField genderField;
    private JTextField ageField;
    private JTextField classField;
    private JTable table;

    public StudentGUI(String fileName) {
        studentManager = new StudentManager(fileName);

        setTitle("学生信息管理系统");
        setSize(800, 600);
        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

        JPanel inputPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 2));
        inputPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("学生信息"));
        inputPanel.add(new JLabel("姓名："));
        nameField = new JTextField();
        inputPanel.add(nameField);
        inputPanel.add(new JLabel("学号："));
        idField = new JTextField();
        inputPanel.add(idField);
        inputPanel.add(new JLabel("性别："));
        genderField = new JTextField();
        inputPanel.add(genderField);
        inputPanel.add(new JLabel("年龄："));
        ageField = new JTextField();
        inputPanel.add(ageField);
        inputPanel.add(new JLabel("班级："));
        classField = new JTextField();
        inputPanel.add(classField);
        panel.add(inputPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        JButton addButton = new JButton("添加");
        addButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String name = nameField.getText();
                String id = idField.getText();
                String gender = genderField.getText();
                int age = Integer.parseInt(ageField.getText());
                String className = classField.getText();
                Student student = new Student(name, id, gender, age, className);
                studentManager.addStudent(student);
                updateTable();
                clearInput();
            }
        });
        buttonPanel.add(addButton);
        JButton removeButton = new JButton("删除");
        removeButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                int row = table.getSelectedRow();
                if (row != -1) {
                    DefaultTableModel model = (DefaultTableModel) table.getModel();
                    String id = (String) model.getValueAt(row, 1);
                    ArrayList<Student> students = studentManager.getAllStudents();
                    for (Student student : students) {
                        if (student.getId().equals(id)) {
                            studentManager.removeStudent(student);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    updateTable();
                }
            }
        });
        buttonPanel.add(removeButton);
        JButton updateButton = new JButton("修改");
        updateButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                int row = table.getSelectedRow();
                if (row != -1) {
                    DefaultTableModel model = (DefaultTableModel) table.getModel();
                    String id = (String) model.getValueAt(row, 1);
                    ArrayList<Student> students = studentManager.getAllStudents();
                    for (Student student : students) {
                        if (student.getId().equals(id)) {
                            String name = nameField.getText();
                            String gender = genderField.getText();
                            int age = Integer.parseInt(ageField.getText());
                            String className = classField.getText();
                            Student newStudent = new Student(name, id, gender, age, className);
                            studentManager.updateStudent(student, newStudent);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    updateTable();
                }
            }
        });
        buttonPanel.add(updateButton);
        JButton searchButton = new JButton("搜索");
        searchButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String keyword = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请输入关键字");
                ArrayList<Student> result = studentManager.searchStudent(keyword);
                showSearchResult(result);
            }
        });
        buttonPanel.add(searchButton);
        panel.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        table = new JTable();
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);
        panel.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        updateTable();

        setContentPane(panel);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    private void updateTable() {
        ArrayList<Student> students = studentManager.getAllStudents();
        DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(new String[]{"姓名", "学号", "性别", "年龄", "班级"}, students.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {
            Student student = students.get(i);
            model.setValueAt(student.getName(), i, 0);
            model.setValueAt(student.getId(), i, 1);
            model.setValueAt(student.getGender(), i, 2);
            model.setValueAt(student.getAge(), i, 3);
            model.setValueAt(student.getClassName(), i, 4);
        }
        table.setModel(model);
    }

    private void showSearchResult(ArrayList<Student> result) {
        DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(new String[]{"姓名", "学号", "性别", "年龄", "班级"}, result.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < result.size(); i++) {
            Student student = result.get(i);
            model.setValueAt(student.getName(), i, 0);
            model.setValueAt(student.getId(), i, 1);
            model.setValueAt(student.getGender(), i, 2);
            model.setValueAt(student.getAge(), i, 3);
            model.setValueAt(student.getClassName(), i, 4);
        }
        table.setModel(model);
    }

    private void clearInput() {
        nameField.setText("");
        idField.setText("");
        genderField.setText("");
        ageField.setText("");
        classField.setText("");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new StudentGUI("students.dat");
    }
}

这是一个简单的实现，您可以根据自己的需要进行修改和扩展。