Qt串口短接的自动收发检测以多线程方式代码实现

以下是一个简单的Qt串口短接的自动收发检测的多线程方式的代码实现：

// SerialThread.h
#ifndef SERIALTHREAD_H
#define SERIALTHREAD_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPort>

class SerialThread : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit SerialThread(QObject *parent = nullptr);
    void setPortName(const QString &portName);
    void setBaudRate(int baudRate);
    void setDataBits(QSerialPort::DataBits dataBits);
    void setParity(QSerialPort::Parity parity);
    void setStopBits(QSerialPort::StopBits stopBits);
signals:
    void error(const QString &s);
    void message(const QString &s);
    void finished();
public slots:
    void run();
private:
    QString m_portName;
    int m_baudRate;
    QSerialPort::DataBits m_dataBits;
    QSerialPort::Parity m_parity;
    QSerialPort::StopBits m_stopBits;
};

#endif // SERIALTHREAD_H


// SerialThread.cpp
#include "SerialThread.h"

SerialThread::SerialThread(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{
    m_portName = "";
    m_baudRate = QSerialPort::Baud115200;
    m_dataBits = QSerialPort::Data8;
    m_parity = QSerialPort::NoParity;
    m_stopBits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
}

void SerialThread::setPortName(const QString &portName)
{
    m_portName = portName;
}

void SerialThread::setBaudRate(int baudRate)
{
    m_baudRate = baudRate;
}

void SerialThread::setDataBits(QSerialPort::DataBits dataBits)
{
    m_dataBits = dataBits;
}

void SerialThread::setParity(QSerialPort::Parity parity)
{
    m_parity = parity;
}

void SerialThread::setStopBits(QSerialPort::StopBits stopBits)
{
    m_stopBits = stopBits;
}

void SerialThread::run()
{
    QSerialPort serialPort;
    serialPort.setPortName(m_portName);
    serialPort.setBaudRate(m_baudRate);
    serialPort.setDataBits(m_dataBits);
    serialPort.setParity(m_parity);
    serialPort.setStopBits(m_stopBits);

    if (!serialPort.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
    {
        emit error(tr("Failed to open port %1, error: %2").arg(m_portName).arg(serialPort.errorString()));
        return;
    }

    QString testCommand = "AT\r\n";
    QByteArray testData = testCommand.toLocal8Bit();
    int timeout = 1000;

    while (true)
    {
        // 发送测试命令
        serialPort.write(testData);

        // 等待一定时间后读取返回数据
        if (serialPort.waitForReadyRead(timeout))
        {
            QByteArray responseData = serialPort.readAll();
            QString response = QString::fromLocal8Bit(responseData);

            if (response.trimmed() == "OK")
            {
                emit message(tr("Port %1 is working properly.").arg(m_portName));
            }
            else
            {
                emit error(tr("Port %1 is short-circuited.").arg(m_portName));
                break;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            emit error(tr("Port %1 is not responding.").arg(m_portName));
            break;
        }
    }

    serialPort.close();
    emit finished();
}


// MainWindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include "SerialThread.h"

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();

private slots:
    void on_pushButton_clicked();
    void handleError(const QString &s);
    void handleMessage(const QString &s);
    void handleThreadFinished();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
    SerialThread *m_thread;
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H


// MainWindow.cpp
#include "MainWindow.h"
#include "ui_MainWindow.h"

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    m_thread = new SerialThread(this);
    connect(m_thread, &SerialThread::error, this, &MainWindow::handleError);
    connect(m_thread, &SerialThread::message, this, &MainWindow::handleMessage);
    connect(m_thread, &SerialThread::finished, this, &MainWindow::handleThreadFinished);
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
    QString portName = ui->comboBox->currentText();
    int baudRate = ui->comboBox_2->currentText().toInt();
    QSerialPort::DataBits dataBits = static_cast<QSerialPort::DataBits>(ui->comboBox_3->currentIndex());
    QSerialPort::Parity parity = static_cast<QSerialPort::Parity>(ui->comboBox_4->currentIndex());
    QSerialPort::StopBits stopBits = static_cast<QSerialPort::StopBits>(ui->comboBox_5->currentIndex());

    m_thread->setPortName(portName);
    m_thread->setBaudRate(baudRate);
    m_thread->setDataBits(dataBits);
    m_thread->setParity(parity);
    m_thread->setStopBits(stopBits);

    m_thread->start();
}

void MainWindow::handleError(const QString &s)
{
    ui->textEdit->append(QString("<font color=red>%1</font>").arg(s));
}

void MainWindow::handleMessage(const QString &s)
{
    ui->textEdit->append(s);
}

void MainWindow::handleThreadFinished()
{
    ui->pushButton->setEnabled(true);
}


// main.cpp
#include "MainWindow.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

在上面的代码中，SerialThread类是串口收发线程类，其中的run()函数实现了自动收发检测的逻辑。在MainWindow类中，通过点击界面上的按钮来启动线程，并通过信号和槽来进行线程间的通信。