ubuntu安装hive

安装Hive需要先安装Hadoop，这里提供一个在Ubuntu上安装Hadoop和Hive的步骤：

1. 安装Java JDK和SSH服务

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install default-jdk
sudo apt-get install ssh

2. 下载Hadoop和Hive

wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.7.7/hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz
wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/hive-2.3.6/apache-hive-2.3.6-bin.tar.gz

3. 解压文件并移动到/usr/local目录下

sudo tar -xzf hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
sudo mv /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.7 /usr/local/hadoop
sudo tar -xzf apache-hive-2.3.6-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
sudo mv /usr/local/apache-hive-2.3.6-bin /usr/local/hive

4. 配置Hadoop和Hive环境变量

sudo nano ~/.bashrc
# 在最后添加以下内容：
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin

source ~/.bashrc

5. 配置Hadoop和Hive的XML文件

cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
sudo nano core-site.xml
# 添加以下内容：
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

sudo nano hdfs-site.xml
# 添加以下内容：
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

cd /usr/local/hive/conf/
sudo nano hive-site.xml
# 添加以下内容：
<configuration>
   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
      <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/metastore_db?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
   </property>
   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
      <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
   </property>
   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
      <value>hiveuser</value>
   </property>
   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
      <value>password</value>
   </property>
   <property>
      <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
      <value>thrift://localhost:9083</value>
   </property>
</configuration>

6. 配置MySQL数据库并启动服务

sudo apt-get install mysql-server
mysql -u root -p

# 创建hiveuser用户并赋予权限
CREATE USER 'hiveuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'hiveuser'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 创建metastore_db数据库
CREATE DATABASE metastore_db;

# 退出MySQL终端
exit;

7. 启动Hadoop和Hive服务

# 启动Hadoop服务
cd /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/
./start-dfs.sh
./start-yarn.sh

# 启动Hive服务
cd /usr/local/hive/bin/
./hive --service metastore &
./hive --service hiveserver2 &

现在，您已经成功安装了Hive。如果您需要进一步学习如何使用Hive，可以查看Apache Hive官方文档：http://hive.apache.org/