To the best of our knowledge, no research has studied the inversely phased wavy flow fields of anode and cathode in a MBPP structure to investigate the 3D distributions of internal parameters inside the stack. There are two distinguished features of the mentioned design: (1) the wavy flow fields are asymmetric between the anode and cathode sides with a phase deviation of 180◦; (2) the inversely phased wavy coolant channels at the back sides of anode and cathode metallic plates construct the intercrossed two-layered coolant flow fields. In such a complicated 3D geometry of the MBPP stack, the detailed parameter distributions inside the stack should be studied under different operating conditions for the design optimization.

從目前的研究來看，尚未有研究探索MBPP結構中陽極和陰極之間的反相波浪流場的3D內部參數分佈。該設計有兩個突出的特徵：（1）陽極和陰極之間的波浪流場是不對稱的，其相位差為180°；（2）陽極和陰極金屬板背面的反相波浪冷卻通道組成了交叉的兩層冷卻流場。在如此複雜的MBPP結構中，在不同工作條件下應對結構進行詳細參數分佈的研究以進行設計優化。

相关问题

用中文总结以下内容： A number of experimental and numerical investigations have been conducted to study the MBPP stack and wavy flow field characteristics with various designs [10,11]. T. Chu et al. conducted the durability test of a 10-kW MBPP fuel cell stack containing 30 cells under dynamic driving cycles and analyzed the performance degradation mechanism [12]. X. Li et al. studied the deformation behavior of the wavy flow channels with thin metallic sheet of 316 stainless steel from both experimental and simulation aspects [13]. J. Owejan et al. designed a PEMFC stack with anode straight flow channels and cathode wavy flow channels and studied the in situ water distributions with neutron radiograph [14]. T. Tsukamoto et al. simulated a full-scale MBPP fuel cell stack of 300 cm2 active area at high current densities and used the 3D model to analyze the in-plane and through-plane parameter distributions [15]. G. Zhang et al. developed a two-fluid 3D model of PEMFC to study the multi-phase and convection effects of wave-like flow channels which are symmetric between anode and cathode sides [16]. S. Saco et al. studied the scaled up PEMFC numerically and compared straight parallel, serpentine zig-zag and straight zig-zag flow channels cell with zig-zag flow field with a transient 3D numerical model to analyze the subfreezing temperature cold start operations [18]. P. Dong et al. introduced discontinuous S-shaped and crescent ribs into flow channels based on the concept of wavy flow field for optimized design and improved energy performance [19]. I. Anyanwu et al. investigated the two-phase flow in sinusoidal channel of different geometric configurations for PEMFC and analyzed the effects of key dimensions on the droplet removal in the flow channel [20]. Y. Peng et al. simulated 5-cell stacks with commercialized flow field designs, including Ballard-like straight flow field, Honda-like wavy flow field and Toyota-like 3D mesh flow field, to investigate their thermal management performance [21]. To note, the terms such as sinusoidal, zig-zag, wave-like and Sshaped flow channels in the aforementioned literatures are similar to the so called wavy flow channels in this paper with identical channel height for the entire flow field. The through-plane constructed wavy flow channels with periodically varied channel heights are beyond the scope of this paper [22,23].

通过实验和数值计算研究了MBPP及波浪流动场特性的不同设计（10，11），Chu等人进行了包含30个电池的10 kW MBPP燃料电池堆的耐久性测试，分析了性能退化机制（12），Li等人从实验和模拟两个方面研究了316不锈钢薄金属板的波浪流道变形行为（13），Owejan等人设计了具有阳极直流道和阴极波浪流道的PEMFC堆，并用中子射线图研究了原位水分布（14），Tsukamoto等人模拟了300 cm2有效面积的全尺寸MBPP燃料电池堆，利用3D模型分析了平面及穿越面参数分布（15），Zhang等人开发了一种双流体3D模型的PEMFC，用于研究阳极和阴极之间对称的波浪流道的多相和对流效应（16），Saco等人用瞬态3D数值模型研究了放大的PEMFC，并比较了直平行流道、蛇形之字形流道和直之字形流道的单元，以及之字形流场的次冰点启动操作（18），Dong等人基于波浪流场的概念，将不连续S形和新月形筋条引入流道，实现优化设计和提升能量性能（19），Anyanwu等人研究了不同几何配置的正弦槽流道中的双相流，并分析了关键尺寸对流道中液滴排除的影响（20），Peng等人模拟了5电池堆，包括Ballard-like直流场、Honda-like波浪流场和Toyota-like 3D网格流场，研究了它们的热管理性能（21）。需要指出的是，上述文献中的正弦、之字形、波浪状和S形流道与本文中所谓的波浪流道完全相同，具有整个流场的相同沟槽高度（22，23）。

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