使用keras实现Multi-Head Self-Attentiond的代码

以下是使用Keras实现Multi-Head Self-Attention的示例代码：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow.keras import layers


class MultiHeadSelfAttention(keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, embed_dim, num_heads):
        super(MultiHeadSelfAttention, self).__init__()
        self.embed_dim = embed_dim
        self.num_heads = num_heads
        if embed_dim % num_heads != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"embedding dimension = {embed_dim} should be divisible by number of heads = {num_heads}"
            )
        self.projection_dim = embed_dim // num_heads
        self.query_dense = layers.Dense(embed_dim)
        self.key_dense = layers.Dense(embed_dim)
        self.value_dense = layers.Dense(embed_dim)
        self.combine_heads = layers.Dense(embed_dim)

    def attention(self, query, key, value):
        score = tf.matmul(query, key, transpose_b=True)
        dim_key = tf.cast(tf.shape(key)[-1], tf.float32)
        scaled_score = score / tf.math.sqrt(dim_key)
        weights = tf.nn.softmax(scaled_score, axis=-1)
        output = tf.matmul(weights, value)
        return output, weights

    def separate_heads(self, x, batch_size):
        x = tf.reshape(x, (batch_size, -1, self.num_heads, self.projection_dim))
        return tf.transpose(x, perm=[0, 2, 1, 3])

    def call(self, inputs):
        batch_size = tf.shape(inputs)[0]
        query = self.query_dense(inputs)
        key = self.key_dense(inputs)
        value = self.value_dense(inputs)
        query = self.separate_heads(query, batch_size)
        key = self.separate_heads(key, batch_size)
        value = self.separate_heads(value, batch_size)
        attention, weights = self.attention(query, key, value)
        attention = tf.transpose(attention, perm=[0, 2, 1, 3])
        concat_attention = tf.reshape(attention, (batch_size, -1, self.embed_dim))
        output = self.combine_heads(concat_attention)
        return output

该代码定义了一个名为MultiHeadSelfAttention的Keras层。在初始化中，它接受输入的嵌入维度和要使用的头数。在调用中，它首先通过三个全连接层（Dense）将输入嵌入到查询、键和值中。然后，它将每个嵌入向量分成多个头，并在每个头中执行自注意力计算。最后，它将每个头的输出连接起来，并通过另一个全连接层将它们合并成一个单一的向量。