用java设计一个GUI程序，基本设计要求： （1）随意给出一段英文短文作为输入； （2）针对短文中各字符（包括标点符号）的统计其出现的频率值； （3）根据统计出的频率值，自动生成01哈夫曼编码，并将该短文编码成01编码； （4）能够输出该编码表； （5）任意给出一组长度不小于1000位二进制编码，根据刚才所得的编码系统，进行翻译。

以下是一个简单的GUI程序设计，实现输入短文，统计字符频率，生成哈夫曼编码，编码短文，输出编码表和解码短文的功能。

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

public class HuffmanGUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    private JTextArea textArea;
    private JButton encodeButton, decodeButton;
    private JTextArea codeArea, decodeArea;

    public HuffmanGUI() {
        setTitle("Huffman Encoder");
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        // 创建组件
        textArea = new JTextArea(10, 20);
        JScrollPane scrollPane1 = new JScrollPane(textArea);

        encodeButton = new JButton("Encode");
        encodeButton.addActionListener(this);

        codeArea = new JTextArea(10, 20);
        JScrollPane scrollPane2 = new JScrollPane(codeArea);
        codeArea.setEditable(false);

        decodeButton = new JButton("Decode");
        decodeButton.addActionListener(this);

        decodeArea = new JTextArea(10, 20);
        JScrollPane scrollPane3 = new JScrollPane(decodeArea);
        decodeArea.setEditable(false);

        // 添加组件
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        panel1.add(new JLabel("Input text:"), BorderLayout.NORTH);
        panel1.add(scrollPane1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        panel1.add(encodeButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        panel2.add(new JLabel("Huffman code:"), BorderLayout.NORTH);
        panel2.add(scrollPane2, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        panel3.add(new JLabel("Binary code:"), BorderLayout.NORTH);
        panel3.add(scrollPane3, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        panel3.add(decodeButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        panel.add(panel1);
        panel.add(panel2);
        panel.add(panel3);

        getContentPane().add(panel);

        pack();
        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    }

    private void encode() {
        String text = textArea.getText();
        if (text.isEmpty()) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Please enter text to encode", "Error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
            return;
        }

        Map<Character, Integer> freqMap = new HashMap<>();
        for (char c : text.toCharArray()) {
            freqMap.put(c, freqMap.getOrDefault(c, 0) + 1);
        }

        HuffmanTree huffmanTree = new HuffmanTree(freqMap);
        Map<Character, String> codeMap = huffmanTree.getCodeMap();

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (char c : text.toCharArray()) {
            sb.append(codeMap.get(c));
        }

        codeArea.setText(sb.toString());

        StringBuilder codeTable = new StringBuilder();
        for (Entry<Character, String> entry : codeMap.entrySet()) {
            codeTable.append(entry.getKey()).append(": ").append(entry.getValue()).append('\n');
        }
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, codeTable.toString(), "Huffman Code Table", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
    }

    private void decode() {
        String code = decodeArea.getText();
        if (code.isEmpty()) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Please enter binary code to decode", "Error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
            return;
        }

        Map<String, Character> codeMap = new HashMap<>();
        String[] lines = codeArea.getText().split("\n");
        for (String line : lines) {
            String[] parts = line.split(": ");
            codeMap.put(parts[1], parts[0].charAt(0));
        }

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        String prefix = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < code.length(); i++) {
            prefix += code.charAt(i);
            if (codeMap.containsKey(prefix)) {
                sb.append(codeMap.get(prefix));
                prefix = "";
            }
        }

        textArea.setText(sb.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (e.getSource() == encodeButton) {
            encode();
        } else if (e.getSource() == decodeButton) {
            decode();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new HuffmanGUI().setVisible(true);
    }
}

运行程序后，可以先输入一段英文短文，然后点击 Encode 按钮，即可生成哈夫曼编码，编码后的二进制数会显示在中间的文本框中，编码表会以对话框的形式弹出。然后可以将编码后的二进制数复制到下面的文本框中，点击 Decode 按钮，即可解码成原始的英文短文。