python好看的钟表

### Python 实现美观的数字时钟

为了创建一个美观的数字时钟，可以使用 `tkinter` 库来构建图形用户界面 (GUI)，并利用其内置的小部件显示时间。

import tkinter as tk
from time import strftime

def update_time():
    current_time = strftime('%H:%M:%S %p')
    label.config(text=current_time)
    root.after(1000, update_time)

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Digital Clock")

label = tk.Label(root, font=('calibri', 40, 'bold'), background='purple', foreground='white')
label.pack(anchor='center')

update_time()

root.mainloop()

这段代码定义了一个简单的窗口应用程序，其中包含一个标签用于展示当前的时间。每秒钟会调用一次 `update_time()` 函数刷新时间显示[^1]。

### 使用Tkinter实现模拟时钟

对于更复杂的模拟时钟，则可以通过自定义画布上的绘图操作完成指针位置计算与渲染：

import tkinter as tk
from math import pi, sin, cos
from datetime import datetime


class AnalogClock(tk.Canvas):

    def __init__(self, master=None, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(master=master, bg='black', highlightthickness=0, **kwargs)
        
        self.width = int(self['width'])
        self.height = int(self['height'])

        center_x = self.width / 2
        center_y = self.height / 2
        
        radius = min(center_x, center_y) * 0.9

        # Draw clock face and numbers
        for i in range(60):
            angle = i * (pi/30) - pi/2
            
            inner_radius = radius if i%5==0 else radius*0.9
            outer_radius = radius if i%5!=0 else radius*0.8
            
            x1 = center_x + cos(angle)*inner_radius
            y1 = center_y + sin(angle)*inner_radius
            x2 = center_x + cos(angle)*outer_radius
            y2 = center_y + sin(angle)*outer_radius
                
            self.create_line(x1,y1,x2,y2,width=(i%5==0)*2+1,fill='#ffffff')
            
            if i%5==0:
                text_angle = str((i//5)%12 or 12)
                tx = center_x + cos(angle)*(radius*.7)
                ty = center_y + sin(angle)*(radius*.7)
                
                self.create_text(tx,ty,text=text_angle,
                                fill="#ffffff",font=("Helvetica",int(radius//10)))

    def draw_hands(self):
        now = datetime.now().time()
        hour = now.hour % 12
        minute = now.minute
        second = now.second
        
        angles = [
            ((hour * 60 + minute)/720 - .25),
            (minute/60 - .5), 
            (second/60 - .5)]

        lengths = [.5,.65,.8]

        colors = ["#ffcc00","#ffffff","#ff0000"]

        center_x = self.width / 2
        center_y = self.height / 2
        
        radius = min(center_x, center_y) *.9 

        for idx,(angle,length,color) in enumerate(zip(angles,lengths,colors)):
            end_x = center_x + cos(pi*(angle))*length*radius
            end_y = center_y + sin(pi*(angle))*length*radius
            
            hand_id = f'hand{idx}'
            try:
                coords = self.coords(hand_id)
                self.coords(hand_id,*coords[:2],end_x,end_y)
            except Exception:
                self.create_line(
                    center_x,center_y,end_x,end_y,tags=[hand_id],
                    arrow=tk.LAST,arrowshape=(10,12,5),width=max(int(length*2),1),
                    fill=color)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = tk.Tk()
    app.title('Analog Clock')
    
    canvas_width = 400
    canvas_height = 400
    
    analog_clock = AnalogClock(app, width=canvas_width, height=canvas_height)
    analog_clock.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
    
    def tick():
        analog_clock.draw_hands()
        app.after(1000 // 60, tick)
    
    tick()
    
    app.mainloop()

此脚本实现了完整的模拟时钟功能，包括绘制表盘刻度线、数字标记以及不断移动的手臂。手臂的角度基于实际时间和π的关系进行调整，从而使得整个动画看起来非常流畅自然[^2].