solidity实现学生信息的增删查改
时间: 2024-11-08 17:24:18 浏览: 24
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在Solidity中,Ethereum智能合约可以用来管理学生信息。以下是简单的步骤来设计这样的合约:
1. 定义结构体(Struct):
```solidity
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
contract StudentInfo {
struct Student {
string name;
uint256 age;
address email; // 用地址表示学生的账户
bool isGraduated;
}
mapping(address => Student) public students;
}
```
这里创建了一个`Student`结构体,包含了姓名、年龄、电子邮件地址和毕业状态。
2. 增加学生:
```solidity
function addStudent(string memory _name, uint256 _age, string memory _email) public {
require(_age > 0, "Age must be positive.");
students[msg.sender] = Student(_name, _age, _email, false);
}
```
这个函数接收学生的属性并将其存储到映射中,使用发送者的地址作为键。
3. 删除学生(实际上在EVM上删除是不可逆的,这里仅用于示例):
```solidity
function deleteStudent() public {
delete students[msg.sender];
}
```
这个操作会从映射中移除对应的学生,但由于区块链的特性,这实际上是无法撤销的。
4. 查询和修改:
```solidity
function getStudent(address studentAddress) public view returns (string memory, uint256, string memory, bool) {
return (students[studentAddress].name, students[studentAddress].age, students[studentAddress].email, students[studentAddress].isGraduated);
}
function updateStudentData(address _studentAddress, string memory _newName, uint256 _newAge, bool _newGraduated) public {
require(msg.sender == students[_studentAddress].email, "Only the student themselves can update their data.");
students[_studentAddress].name = _newName;
students[_studentAddress].age = _newAge;
students[_studentAddress].isGraduated = _newGraduated;
}
```
通过索引来获取学生数据,并限制只有学生本人才能更新自己的数据。
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