visual studio 2019串口编程

Visual Studio 2019是微软开发的一款强大的集成开发环境，它支持多种编程语言和多种平台的开发。在Visual Studio 2019中进行串口编程可以使用C++或C#等语言进行开发。串口编程需要借助Windows API来实现，具体步骤如下：

1. 打开Visual Studio 2019，创建一个新的控制台应用程序项目。
2. 在项目中添加一个头文件“Windows.h”。
3. 声明并初始化一个DCB结构体变量，设置串口的波特率、数据位、停止位和校验位等参数。
4. 调用CreateFile函数打开串口并获取串口句柄。
5. 使用WriteFile函数向串口发送数据，使用ReadFile函数从串口读取数据。
6. 关闭串口，释放句柄。

下面是一段C++代码示例：

#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    HANDLE hSerial;
    DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
    COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts = { 0 };
    DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;
    DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;

    hSerial = CreateFile("COM1", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    if (hSerial == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        std::cout << "Failed to open serial port!" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
    if (!GetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to get serial parameters!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return 1;
    }

    dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = CBR_9600;
    dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = 8;
    dcbSerialParams.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;
    dcbSerialParams.Parity = NOPARITY;
    if (!SetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to set serial parameters!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return 1;
    }

    timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 50;
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
    if (!SetCommTimeouts(hSerial, &timeouts)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to set timeouts!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return 1;
    }

    char buffer[] = "Hello, world!";
    if (!WriteFile(hSerial, buffer, sizeof(buffer), &dwBytesWritten, NULL)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to write to serial port!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return 1;
    }

    char readBuffer[1024];
    if (!ReadFile(hSerial, readBuffer, sizeof(readBuffer), &dwBytesRead, NULL)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to read from serial port!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return 1;
    }

    std::cout << "Received data: " << readBuffer << std::endl;

    CloseHandle(hSerial);

    return 0;
}