What is ISO, and why is it important to a systems developer?
时间: 2024-05-21 12:13:59 浏览: 18
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a non-governmental organization that develops and publishes international standards. These standards cover various areas like management systems, technology, quality, and safety. ISO standards are important to systems developers as they provide internationally recognized guidelines, best practices, and requirements that help ensure consistency, efficiency, and quality in the development process. Compliance with ISO standards also helps organizations demonstrate their commitment to quality and customer satisfaction, and can improve their reputation and competitiveness in the global market.
相关问题
what is the optical flow method? and how to implement it in python
Optical flow is a computer vision technique used to estimate motion between two consecutive frames of a video sequence. It assumes that pixels in an image move in a smooth manner between frames, and it calculates the displacement of each pixel between two consecutive frames.
To implement optical flow in Python, you can use the OpenCV library. Here is a simple example:
```python
import cv2
# read two consecutive frames
frame1 = cv2.imread('frame1.jpg')
frame2 = cv2.imread('frame2.jpg')
# convert frames to grayscale
gray1 = cv2.cvtColor(frame1, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
gray2 = cv2.cvtColor(frame2, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# calculate optical flow
flow = cv2.calcOpticalFlowFarneback(gray1, gray2, None, 0.5, 3, 15, 3, 5, 1.2, 0)
# visualize the optical flow
h, w = gray1.shape[:2]
y, x = np.mgrid[0:h:10, 0:w:10].reshape(2, -1)
fx, fy = flow[y, x].T
lines = np.vstack([x, y, x+fx, y+fy]).T.reshape(-1, 2, 2)
lines = np.int32(lines + 0.5)
vis = cv2.cvtColor(gray1, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
cv2.polylines(vis, lines, 0, (0, 255, 0))
for (x1, y1), (_x2, _y2) in lines:
cv2.circle(vis, (x1, y1), 1, (0, 255, 0), -1)
cv2.imshow("Optical flow", vis)
cv2.waitKey(0)
```
In this example, we first read two consecutive frames and convert them to grayscale. We then use the `cv2.calcOpticalFlowFarneback` function to calculate the optical flow between the frames. Finally, we visualize the optical flow using green lines and circles on the original image.
What is a plugboard? For what purpose was it used?
A plugboard, also known as a patch panel, was an early form of manual switchboard used in early telephone and telegraph communication systems. It consisted of a board with a set of sockets or jacks into which patch cords or wires could be inserted in order to create a temporary electrical connection between two points.
In the early 20th century, plugboards were popularly used in the Enigma machines used by the German military during World War II to encrypt and decrypt messages. The plugboard allowed the operator to swap pairs of letters before and after the message was processed, adding an extra layer of encryption to the machine's output.