c++ template
时间: 2023-09-14 12:05:08 浏览: 48
C++ templates are a powerful feature of the C++ programming language that allow for generic programming. Templates allow developers to write code that works with a wide range of data types, without having to write separate code for each individual type.
Templates are defined using the keyword "template", followed by a list of template parameters within angle brackets. These parameters can be data types, values, or other templates.
For example, a simple template function that adds two numbers could be written as:
```
template <typename T>
T add(T a, T b) {
return a + b;
}
```
In this example, the template parameter "T" is used to represent the data type of the variables a and b. The function can be called with any data type that supports the "+" operator, such as int, float, or even custom classes that define their own operator overloads.
Templates can also be used to define classes, which can be useful for creating generic data structures or algorithms. For example, a template class for a dynamic array could be written as:
```
template <typename T>
class DynamicArray {
private:
T* data;
int size;
public:
// constructor, destructor, and other methods
// ...
};
```
In this example, the template parameter "T" is used to represent the data type stored in the dynamic array. The class can be instantiated with any data type, and the data array will be allocated accordingly.
Overall, templates are a powerful tool for creating flexible and reusable code in C++. However, they can also be complex and difficult to understand, so they should be used judiciously and with care.
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