练习: ​ 抢火车票； ​ 成都 -> 宜宾 有1000张票，有4个窗口同时卖票 ， 同步方法 ，同步代码块，线程的常用方法， 继承Thread类，实现Runnable接口，使用java多线程相关知识写出代码，不要写太复杂，并且每一行带有注释，，

使用同步方法：

public class Ticket implements Runnable {
    private int count = 1000; // 火车票总数
    private static int window = 4; // 售票窗口数量

    // 同步方法，保证线程安全
    public synchronized void sellTicket() {
        // 判断是否还有票
        if (count > 0) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出第" + (1000 - count + 1) + "张票");
            count--;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (count > 0) {
            sellTicket();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket ticket = new Ticket();

        // 创建4个售票窗口
        Thread[] threads = new Thread[window];
        for (int i = 0; i < window; i++) {
            threads[i] = new Thread(ticket, "窗口" + (i + 1));
            threads[i].start();
        }
    }
}

使用同步代码块：

public class Ticket implements Runnable {
    private int count = 1000; // 火车票总数
    private static int window = 4; // 售票窗口数量
    private Object lock = new Object(); // 同步锁

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (count > 0) {
            synchronized (lock) { // 同步代码块，保证线程安全
                // 判断是否还有票
                if (count > 0) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出第" + (1000 - count + 1) + "张票");
                    count--;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket ticket = new Ticket();

        // 创建4个售票窗口
        Thread[] threads = new Thread[window];
        for (int i = 0; i < window; i++) {
            threads[i] = new Thread(ticket, "窗口" + (i + 1));
            threads[i].start();
        }
    }
}

线程的常用方法：

public class Ticket extends Thread {
    private int count = 1000; // 火车票总数
    private static int window = 4; // 售票窗口数量

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (count > 0) {
            // 判断是否还有票
            if (count > 0) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出第" + (1000 - count + 1) + "张票");
                count--;
            }

            try {
                sleep(100); // 线程休眠100毫秒
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket ticket = new Ticket();

        // 创建4个售票窗口
        Thread[] threads = new Thread[window];
        for (int i = 0; i < window; i++) {
            threads[i] = new Thread(ticket, "窗口" + (i + 1));
            threads[i].start();
        }

        // 等待所有线程执行完毕
        for (int i = 0; i < window; i++) {
            try {
                threads[i].join();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

继承Thread类：

public class Ticket extends Thread {
    private int count = 1000; // 火车票总数

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (count > 0) {
            // 判断是否还有票
            if (count > 0) {
                System.out.println(getName() + "售出第" + (1000 - count + 1) + "张票");
                count--;
            }

            try {
                sleep(100); // 线程休眠100毫秒
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建4个售票窗口
        Ticket[] tickets = new Ticket[4];
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            tickets[i] = new Ticket();
            tickets[i].setName("窗口" + (i + 1));
            tickets[i].start();
        }

        // 等待所有线程执行完毕
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            try {
                tickets[i].join();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

实现Runnable接口：

public class Ticket implements Runnable {
    private int count = 1000; // 火车票总数

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (count > 0) {
            // 判断是否还有票
            if (count > 0) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出第" + (1000 - count + 1) + "张票");
                count--;
            }

            try {
                Thread.sleep(100); // 线程休眠100毫秒
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建4个售票窗口
        Ticket ticket = new Ticket();
        Thread[] threads = new Thread[4];
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            threads[i] = new Thread(ticket, "窗口" + (i + 1));
            threads[i].start();
        }

        // 等待所有线程执行完毕
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            try {
                threads[i].join();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}