轮式移动机器人matlab程序
时间: 2023-09-06 17:12:41 浏览: 110
以下是一个简单的轮式移动机器人的 Matlab 程序示例:
```matlab
% 定义机器人参数
d = 0.1; % 轮子直径
r = d/2; % 轮子半径
L = 0.5; % 两轮间距
Vmax = 0.2; % 最大速度
% 定义初始状态
x = 0; y = 0; theta = 0; % 位置和朝向
v = 0; w = 0; % 线速度和角速度
% 定义目标状态
x_goal = 1; y_goal = 1;
% 控制循环
while norm([x y]-[x_goal y_goal]) > 0.01
% 计算当前位置与目标位置的距离和角度差
dx = x_goal - x;
dy = y_goal - y;
alpha = atan2(dy,dx) - theta;
alpha = atan2(sin(alpha),cos(alpha)); % 保证角度差在 -pi 到 pi 之间
% 计算线速度和角速度
v = Vmax * cos(alpha);
w = 2 * Vmax * sin(alpha) / L;
% 计算轮子速度
vl = v - L/2 * w;
vr = v + L/2 * w;
% 控制轮子旋转
t = 0.1; % 控制周期
for i = 1:10
% 计算轮子旋转角度
dtheta_l = vl*t/r;
dtheta_r = vr*t/r;
% 更新位置和朝向
x = x + r/2 * (dtheta_l + dtheta_r) * cos(theta);
y = y + r/2 * (dtheta_l + dtheta_r) * sin(theta);
theta = theta + r/L * (dtheta_r - dtheta_l);
% 显示当前位置
plot(x,y,'o'); hold on;
plot([x x+r*cos(theta)],[y y+r*sin(theta)],'k-');
axis equal; xlim([-1 2]); ylim([-1 2]); hold off;
% 等待一段时间,保证轮子旋转完成
pause(t);
end
end
```
上述程序实现了一个简单的轮式移动机器人,通过计算距离和角度差,控制机器人朝向目标移动,直到到达目标点。其中使用了一个简单的控制循环,计算轮子速度并控制轮子旋转,同时更新机器人位置和朝向,并显示机器人当前位置。
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