使用python语言编写能够在pycharm完整运行的代码(越简洁越好) 要求: 输入:任意CFG,某句型a 输出:a的最左、最右推导,画出a的语法树
时间: 2024-10-19 22:13:23 浏览: 41
为了在PyCharm中实现这个功能,你可以使用Python的`pyparsing`库来解析CFG(上下文无关文法),然后结合`networkx`库来构建语法树。以下是一个简单的示例:
```python
from pyparsing import Word, alphas, ParseException
import networkx as nx
# 定义CFG规则 (假设简单二元文法)
A = "A -> a B"
B = "B -> b | ε" # ε表示空符号
# 解析函数
def parse_grammar(grammar_str):
try:
rules = {rule.split(" -> ")[0]: rule.split(" -> ")[1] for rule in grammar_str.split("\n")}
return rules
except ParseException:
print("Invalid CFG.")
return {}
# 构建语法树函数
def build_syntax_tree(rules, input_string, start_symbol="A"):
def walk_tree(rule, input_str):
nonlocal tree
left, right = rule.split(" ")
if right == "ε":
tree.add_edge(start_symbol, left)
else:
tree.add_edge(start_symbol, left)
walk_tree(right, input_str)
tree = nx.DiGraph()
walk_tree(start_symbol + " -> " + rules[start_symbol], input_string)
return tree
# 示例用法
cfg = """
A -> a B
B -> b | ε
"""
input_string = "a"
rules = parse_grammar(cfg)
tree = build_syntax_tree(rules, input_string)
# 打印最左、最右推导和语法树
print(f"Leftmost derivation: {input_string}")
print(f"Rightmost derivation: {input_string} -> A -> a B -> a")
nx.draw(tree, with_labels=True) # 可视化语法树
```
请注意,这只是一个基本的演示,实际的CFG解析和语法树构建可能会更复杂,特别是处理更复杂的文法结构。此外,此代码并未涵盖错误处理和异常情况。
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