subprocess.run（

这段Python代码的功能是输入一个大于2的自然数，然后输出小于该数字的所有素数组成的列表。其中，代码提供了两种不同的实现方式。第一种方式使用了while和for循环嵌套，通过判断每个数字是否为素数，将素数添加到列表中。第二种方式使用了函数和列表推导式，通过判断每个数字是否为素数，将素数添加到列表中。最后，使用sorted函数将列表从小到大排序，并输出结果。

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subprocess.run

`subprocess.run` is a function in the Python `subprocess` module that allows you to run a command in a subprocess and capture its output. It was introduced in Python 3.5 as a simpler and more powerful replacement for the older `subprocess.call` function.

Here is an example usage of `subprocess.run`:

import subprocess

result = subprocess.run(['ls', '-l'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
print(result.stdout.decode('utf-8'))

In this example, we call the `ls` command with the `-l` option to list the contents of the current directory in long format. The output of the command is captured as a byte string in the `stdout` attribute of the `CompletedProcess` object returned by `subprocess.run`. We decode the byte string to a UTF-8 string and print it to the console.

`subprocess.run` has many options that allow you to customize its behavior, such as setting the working directory, redirecting input and output, and controlling timeouts and signals. You can find more information about these options in the Python documentation.

subprocess.Popen subprocess.run

subprocess.Popen and subprocess.run are both modules in Python's subprocess module that are used for running external commands. Here's a brief explanation of each:

1. subprocess.Popen: This function is used to create a new process and execute a command within it. It provides more flexibility and control over the execution process. Popen returns a Popen object, which allows you to interact with the running process, such as reading its output or terminating it.

Example usage:

import subprocess

# Run a command and get its output
result = subprocess.Popen(['ls', '-l'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output = result.communicate()
print(output.decode('utf-8'))

2. subprocess.run: This function is a higher-level convenience function introduced in Python 3.5. It is used to run a command and wait for it to complete. It returns a CompletedProcess object that provides information about the completed process, such as return code and output.

Example usage:

import subprocess

# Run a command and get its output
result = subprocess.run(['ls', '-l'], capture_output=True, text=True)
print(result.stdout)

Both functions can be used to execute external commands, but the choice between them depends on your requirements. Popen offers more flexibility, while run provides a simpler and more straightforward way to execute commands.