用c++设计一个选修课程管理系统

好的，下面是一个简单的选修课程管理系统的 C++ 实现。

首先，我们需要定义一个课程类 Course，包含以下属性：

- 课程编号
- 课程名称
- 教师姓名
- 开课学期
- 课程学分
- 课程容量
- 已选人数

class Course {
private:
    string number; // 课程编号
    string name; // 课程名称
    string teacher; // 教师姓名
    string term; // 开课学期
    int credit; // 课程学分
    int capacity; // 课程容量
    int selected; // 已选人数

public:
    Course(string number, string name, string teacher, string term, int credit, int capacity, int selected) {
        this->number = number;
        this->name = name;
        this->teacher = teacher;
        this->term = term;
        this->credit = credit;
        this->capacity = capacity;
        this->selected = selected;
    }

    // getter 和 setter 方法
    string getNumber() { return number; }
    string getName() { return name; }
    string getTeacher() { return teacher; }
    string getTerm() { return term; }
    int getCredit() { return credit; }
    int getCapacity() { return capacity; }
    int getSelected() { return selected; }
    void setSelected(int selected) { this->selected = selected; }
};

接着，我们需要定义一个选修课程管理系统类 CourseManagementSystem，实现以下功能：

- 添加课程
- 删除课程
- 查询课程
- 选修课程

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Course {
private:
    string number; // 课程编号
    string name; // 课程名称
    string teacher; // 教师姓名
    string term; // 开课学期
    int credit; // 课程学分
    int capacity; // 课程容量
    int selected; // 已选人数

public:
    Course(string number, string name, string teacher, string term, int credit, int capacity, int selected) {
        this->number = number;
        this->name = name;
        this->teacher = teacher;
        this->term = term;
        this->credit = credit;
        this->capacity = capacity;
        this->selected = selected;
    }

    // getter 和 setter 方法
    string getNumber() { return number; }
    string getName() { return name; }
    string getTeacher() { return teacher; }
    string getTerm() { return term; }
    int getCredit() { return credit; }
    int getCapacity() { return capacity; }
    int getSelected() { return selected; }
    void setSelected(int selected) { this->selected = selected; }
};

class CourseManagementSystem {
private:
    vector<Course> courses;

public:
    // 添加课程
    void addCourse() {
        string number, name, teacher, term;
        int credit, capacity;

        cout << "请输入课程编号：";
        cin >> number;
        cout << "请输入课程名称：";
        cin >> name;
        cout << "请输入教师姓名：";
        cin >> teacher;
        cout << "请输入开课学期：";
        cin >> term;
        cout << "请输入课程学分：";
        cin >> credit;
        cout << "请输入课程容量：";
        cin >> capacity;

        Course course(number, name, teacher, term, credit, capacity, 0);
        courses.push_back(course);

        cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
    }

    // 删除课程
    void deleteCourse() {
        string number;
        cout << "请输入要删除的课程编号：";
        cin >> number;

        bool found = false;
        for (vector<Course>::iterator it = courses.begin(); it != courses.end(); it++) {
            if (it->getNumber() == number) {
                courses.erase(it);
                found = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (found) {
            cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "没有找到该课程！" << endl;
        }
    }

    // 查询课程
    void queryCourse() {
        string keyword;
        cout << "请输入关键词：";
        cin >> keyword;

        vector<Course> result;
        for (Course course : courses) {
            if (course.getNumber().find(keyword) != string::npos ||
                course.getName().find(keyword) != string::npos ||
                course.getTeacher().find(keyword) != string::npos ||
                course.getTerm().find(keyword) != string::npos) {
                result.push_back(course);
            }
        }

        if (result.size() == 0) {
            cout << "没有找到相关课程！" << endl;
        } else {
            printf("%-15s%-20s%-15s%-15s%-10s%-15s%-15s\n", "课程编号", "课程名称", "教师姓名", "开课学期", "课程学分", "课程容量", "已选人数");
            for (Course course : result) {
                printf("%-15s%-20s%-15s%-15s%-10d%-15d%-15d\n",
                       course.getNumber().c_str(),
                       course.getName().c_str(),
                       course.getTeacher().c_str(),
                       course.getTerm().c_str(),
                       course.getCredit(),
                       course.getCapacity(),
                       course.getSelected());
            }
        }
    }

    // 选修课程
    void selectCourse() {
        string number;
        cout << "请输入要选修的课程编号：";
        cin >> number;

        bool found = false;
        for (Course& course : courses) {
            if (course.getNumber() == number) {
                if (course.getSelected() < course.getCapacity()) {
                    course.setSelected(course.getSelected() + 1);
                    found = true;
                    break;
                } else {
                    cout << "该课程已满员！" << endl;
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        if (found) {
            cout << "选修成功！" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "没有找到该课程！" << endl;
        }
    }
};

int main() {
    CourseManagementSystem cms;

    while (true) {
        cout << "请选择操作：" << endl;
        cout << "1. 添加课程" << endl;
        cout << "2. 删除课程" << endl;
        cout << "3. 查询课程" << endl;
        cout << "4. 选修课程" << endl;
        cout << "5. 退出系统" << endl;
        int choice;
        cin >> choice;

        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                cms.addCourse();
                break;
            case 2:
                cms.deleteCourse();
                break;
            case 3:
                cms.queryCourse();
                break;
            case 4:
                cms.selectCourse();
                break;
            case 5:
                return 0;
            default:
                cout << "输入有误，请重新选择！" << endl;
        }
    }
}

这个程序使用 vector 存储课程信息，实现了添加、删除、查询和选修课程的功能。在查询课程时，可以通过关键词模糊查询课程编号、课程名称、教师姓名和开课学期。在选修课程时，会判断该课程是否已满员。