使用开源的python库 scikit learn,实现特征降维:PCA和 LDA:缺失值处理:全局均值,局部均值,k近邻,数据规范化:最小-最大规范化,Z-分数规范化(Z-score aormalization):离散化:等宽,等频,kMeans。 求能用的代码
时间: 2024-11-09 13:20:35 浏览: 48
DimReductionMissingData:这是对具有缺失值的数据进行线性降维的库
在Python中,使用scikit-learn (sklearn) 库可以方便地实现特征降维、数据预处理以及离散化操作。这里是一个简化的示例代码,展示了如何处理缺失值、进行PCA和LDA降维,以及规范化数据:
```python
# 导入必要的库
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler, MinMaxScaler, Normalizer
from sklearn.impute import SimpleImputer
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA, LatentDirichletAllocation as LDA
from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline
# 假设df是你需要处理的数据框,有缺失值
data = pd.read_csv('your_data.csv')
# 处理缺失值
# 全局均值填充
imputer_global_mean = SimpleImputer(strategy='mean')
data_imputed = imputer_global_mean.fit_transform(data)
# 局部均值填充(假设DataFrame是分块存在的)
# data_imputed = fill_missing_by_local_mean(data)
# k近邻填充(KNNImputer)
# imputer_knn = SimpleImputer(strategy='knn', n_neighbors=5)
# data_imputed = imputer_knn.fit_transform(data)
# 数据规范化
# 最小-最大规范化
scaler_min_max = MinMaxScaler()
data_normalized = scaler_min_max.fit_transform(data_imputed)
# Z-分数规范化
normalizer_zscore = Normalizer(norm='z')
data_zscored = normalizer_zscore.transform(data_normalized)
# 特征降维
# PCA
pca = PCA(n_components=2) # 如果你想保留2个主成分
data_pca = pca.fit_transform(data_zscored)
# LDA
lda = LDA(n_components=2) # 类似的,保留2个主题
data_lda = lda.fit_transform(data_pca)
# 离散化(假设数值列是连续的)
# 等宽离散化
width = 0.5 # 宽度选择
discrete_data = pd.cut(data_zscored[:, 0], bins=np.arange(data_zscored[:, 0].min(), data_zscored[:, 0].max() + width, width))
# 等频离散化(适用于类别数量未知的情况)
# discrete_data = pd.qcut(data_zscored[:, 0], q=4, duplicates='drop') # 分成4组
# 对于离散变量,使用KMeans聚类进行离散化
# num_clusters = 5 # 根据业务需求选择聚类数
# kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=num_clusters)
# labels = kmeans.fit_predict(data_zscored)
# 结合以上步骤到一个pipeline中
preprocessing_pipeline = Pipeline([
('imputation', imputer_global_mean),
('normalization', scaler_min_max),
('feature_reduction', pca),
('discretization', pd.qcut(data[:, 0], q=4)) # 仅对一个特征做离散化展示
])
# 执行预处理
preprocessed_data = preprocessing_pipeline.fit_transform(data)
#
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