用外部中断控制四个按键控制12个跑马灯,基于STM32F103R6

本文将介绍如何使用STM32F103R6微控制器和外部中断控制四个按键来控制12个跑马灯的方法。

硬件设计

1. 硬件连接

将STM32F103R6微控制器的引脚连接到12个LED灯和4个按键。可以使用以下引脚连接：

- PA0~PA3：用于连接4个按键
- PB0~PB3、PB4~PB7、PC13~PC15：用于连接12个LED灯

2. 外部中断

在STM32F103R6微控制器中，有16个外部中断线。在本例中，我们将使用PA0~PA3引脚作为外部中断输入。每个引脚都可以配置为下降沿触发或上升沿触发。在本例中，我们将使用下降沿触发。

软件设计

1. 系统时钟和中断初始化

首先，我们需要初始化系统时钟和中断。在本例中，我们将使用PLL时钟，并初始化4个外部中断线。

2. GPIO初始化

接下来，我们需要初始化GPIO引脚。在本例中，我们将使用PB0~PB3、PB4~PB7和PC13~PC15作为输出引脚，用于连接12个LED灯。我们还需要初始化PA0~PA3引脚作为输入引脚，用于连接4个按键。

3. 中断处理函数

当按下任何一个按键时，将触发一个外部中断，然后跑马灯将改变方向或速度。我们需要编写一个中断处理函数来处理外部中断。

4. 主函数

在主函数中，我们将无限循环，等待外部中断的触发。当接收到一个外部中断时，我们将调用中断处理函数来改变跑马灯的方向或速度。

完整代码

以下是基于STM32F103R6的控制12个跑马灯的完整代码：

相关问题

用外部中断实现四个按键控制12个跑马灯,基于STM32F103R6

以下是基于STM32F103R6的代码实现：

首先需要初始化GPIO口和外部中断，如下所示：

// 初始化GPIO口和外部中断
void GPIO_EXTI_Init(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

    // 使能GPIOA和GPIOB时钟
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);

    // 配置PA0、PA1、PB0和PB1为上拉输入模式
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 配置PA0、PA1、PB0和PB1对应的外部中断线路
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0 | EXTI_Line1 | EXTI_Line2 | EXTI_Line3;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
    EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);

    // 配置外部中断优先级
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI2_IRQn;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI3_IRQn;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

然后定义一个全局变量用于记录当前按下的按键编号：

volatile uint8_t key_num = 0;

在每个外部中断的中断服务函数中，将对应的按键编号存储到全局变量中：

void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) != RESET)
    {
        key_num = 1;
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);
    }
}

void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) != RESET)
    {
        key_num = 2;
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);
    }
}

void EXTI2_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line2) != RESET)
    {
        key_num = 3;
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line2);
    }
}

void EXTI3_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line3) != RESET)
    {
        key_num = 4;
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line3);
    }
}

然后在主函数中实现跑马灯控制逻辑，根据按键编号控制对应的LED灯亮灭：

int main(void)
{
    GPIO_EXTI_Init();

    // 初始化PB12~PB15为输出模式
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14 | GPIO_Pin_15;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    while (1)
    {
        // 根据按键编号控制LED灯亮灭
        switch (key_num)
        {
        case 1:
            GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);
            GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14 | GPIO_Pin_15);
            break;
        case 2:
            GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_13);
            GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_14 | GPIO_Pin_15);
            break;
        case 3:
            GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_14);
            GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_15);
            break;
        case 4:
            GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_15);
            GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14);
            break;
        default:
            GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14 | GPIO_Pin_15);
            break;
        }

        key_num = 0;
        delay_ms(50);
    }
}

其中，`delay_ms`函数是一个简单的延时函数，可以使用CubeMX自动生成的代码，也可以自己编写。

用外部中断四个按键分别控制四组跑马灯，基于STM32F103R6

本文将介绍如何使用STM32F103R6外部中断控制四组跑马灯。

步骤：

1. 硬件连接：

将四个按键分别连接到STM32F103R6的四个外部中断引脚，同时将四组跑马灯连接到GPIO口。

2. 代码实现：

首先需要初始化外部中断，设置中断优先级和触发方式，具体代码如下：

void EXTI_Config(void)
{
    EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

    /* Enable GPIOA clock */
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);

    /* Configure PA0, PA1, PA2 and PA3 as input with pull-up */
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_3;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    /* Connect EXTI0-3 Line to PA0-3 pin */
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource0);
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource1);
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource2);
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource3);

    /* Configure EXTI0-3 */
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0 | EXTI_Line1 | EXTI_Line2 | EXTI_Line3;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
    EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);

    /* Enable and set EXTI0-3 Interrupt to the highest priority */
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x01;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI2_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x02;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI3_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x03;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

然后需要编写中断处理函数，在中断函数中实现跑马灯的控制，具体代码如下：

void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);

        // Control the first group of running lights
        // ...

    }
}

void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);

        // Control the second group of running lights
        // ...

    }
}

void EXTI2_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line2) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line2);

        // Control the third group of running lights
        // ...

    }
}

void EXTI3_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line3) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line3);

        // Control the fourth group of running lights
        // ...

    }
}

以上代码中的四个中断处理函数分别对应四个外部中断，每个函数中都需要根据按键的触发来控制对应的跑马灯。

3. 跑马灯控制：

在中断处理函数中，需要编写代码来控制跑马灯的运行，以下是一个简单的跑马灯控制代码：

void run_light(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOx, GPIO_Pin);
    delay_ms(100);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOx, GPIO_Pin);
}

该函数可以让一个LED灯亮100ms后熄灭。

完整代码如下：

#include "stm32f10x.h"

void EXTI_Config(void);
void run_light(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin);

int main(void)
{
    EXTI_Config();

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);

    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_3;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    while (1)
    {

    }
}

void EXTI_Config(void)
{
    EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

    /* Enable GPIOA clock */
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);

    /* Configure PA0, PA1, PA2 and PA3 as input with pull-up */
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_3;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    /* Connect EXTI0-3 Line to PA0-3 pin */
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource0);
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource1);
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource2);
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource3);

    /* Configure EXTI0-3 */
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0 | EXTI_Line1 | EXTI_Line2 | EXTI_Line3;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
    EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);

    /* Enable and set EXTI0-3 Interrupt to the highest priority */
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x01;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI2_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x02;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI3_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0x03;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0x00;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

void run_light(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOx, GPIO_Pin);
    delay_ms(100);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOx, GPIO_Pin);
}

void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);

        // Control the first group of running lights
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0);
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1);
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_2);
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_3);

    }
}

void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);

        // Control the second group of running lights
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0);
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1);

    }
}

void EXTI2_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line2) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line2);

        // Control the third group of running lights
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_2);
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_3);

    }
}

void EXTI3_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line3) != RESET)
    {
        EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line3);

        // Control the fourth group of running lights
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0);
        run_light(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_3);

    }
}