使用任何语言编写一个有界面的串口调试助手

下面是一个使用 Python 和 PyQt5 编写的有界面的串口调试助手：

import sys
import serial
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout, QLabel, QLineEdit, QPushButton, QTextEdit, QComboBox, QCheckBox

class SerialConfigWidget(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)

        # 初始化串口配置
        self._port = ''
        self._baudrate = 9600
        self._bytesize = serial.EIGHTBITS
        self._parity = serial.PARITY_NONE
        self._stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE
        self._xonxoff = False
        self._rtscts = False
        self._dsrdtr = False

        # 初始化界面
        layout = QVBoxLayout()

        port_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        port_label = QLabel('Port:')
        self.port_edit = QLineEdit()
        self.port_edit.setText(self._port)
        port_layout.addWidget(port_label)
        port_layout.addWidget(self.port_edit)

        baudrate_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        baudrate_label = QLabel('Baudrate:')
        self.baudrate_combo = QComboBox()
        self.baudrate_combo.addItems(['300', '600', '1200', '2400', '4800', '9600', '14400', '19200', '38400', '57600', '115200'])
        self.baudrate_combo.setCurrentIndex(self.baudrate_combo.findText(str(self._baudrate)))
        baudrate_layout.addWidget(baudrate_label)
        baudrate_layout.addWidget(self.baudrate_combo)

        bytesize_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        bytesize_label = QLabel('Bytesize:')
        self.bytesize_combo = QComboBox()
        self.bytesize_combo.addItems(['5', '6', '7', '8'])
        self.bytesize_combo.setCurrentIndex(self.bytesize_combo.findText(str(self._bytesize)))
        bytesize_layout.addWidget(bytesize_label)
        bytesize_layout.addWidget(self.bytesize_combo)

        parity_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        parity_label = QLabel('Parity:')
        self.parity_combo = QComboBox()
        self.parity_combo.addItems(['None', 'Even', 'Odd', 'Mark', 'Space'])
        self.parity_combo.setCurrentIndex(self.parity_combo.findText('None'))
        parity_layout.addWidget(parity_label)
        parity_layout.addWidget(self.parity_combo)

        stopbits_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        stopbits_label = QLabel('Stopbits:')
        self.stopbits_combo = QComboBox()
        self.stopbits_combo.addItems(['1', '1.5', '2'])
        self.stopbits_combo.setCurrentIndex(self.stopbits_combo.findText('1'))
        stopbits_layout.addWidget(stopbits_label)
        stopbits_layout.addWidget(self.stopbits_combo)

        flowcontrol_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        flowcontrol_label = QLabel('Flow control:')
        self.xonxoff_check = QCheckBox('XON/XOFF')
        self.rtscts_check = QCheckBox('RTS/CTS')
        self.dsrdtr_check = QCheckBox('DSR/DTR')
        flowcontrol_layout.addWidget(flowcontrol_label)
        flowcontrol_layout.addWidget(self.xonxoff_check)
        flowcontrol_layout.addWidget(self.rtscts_check)
        flowcontrol_layout.addWidget(self.dsrdtr_check)

        layout.addLayout(port_layout)
        layout.addLayout(baudrate_layout)
        layout.addLayout(bytesize_layout)
        layout.addLayout(parity_layout)
        layout.addLayout(stopbits_layout)
        layout.addLayout(flowcontrol_layout)

        self.setLayout(layout)

    def get_config(self):
        self._port = self.port_edit.text()
        self._baudrate = int(self.baudrate_combo.currentText())
        self._bytesize = int(self.bytesize_combo.currentText())
        self._parity = {
            'None': serial.PARITY_NONE,
            'Even': serial.PARITY_EVEN,
            'Odd': serial.PARITY_ODD,
            'Mark': serial.PARITY_MARK,
            'Space': serial.PARITY_SPACE
        }[self.parity_combo.currentText()]
        self._stopbits = {
            '1': serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
            '1.5': serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE,
            '2': serial.STOPBITS_TWO
        }[self.stopbits_combo.currentText()]
        self._xonxoff = self.xonxoff_check.isChecked()
        self._rtscts = self.rtscts_check.isChecked()
        self._dsrdtr = self.dsrdtr_check.isChecked()

        return {
            'port': self._port,
            'baudrate': self._baudrate,
            'bytesize': self._bytesize,
            'parity': self._parity,
            'stopbits': self._stopbits,
            'xonxoff': self._xonxoff,
            'rtscts': self._rtscts,
            'dsrdtr': self._dsrdtr
        }

class SerialDebugWidget(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)

        # 初始化串口调试助手
        self._serial = None

        # 初始化界面
        layout = QVBoxLayout()

        # 串口配置
        self.config_widget = SerialConfigWidget()
        layout.addWidget(self.config_widget)

        # 发送区域
        send_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        send_label = QLabel('Send:')
        self.send_edit = QTextEdit()
        send_button = QPushButton('Send')
        send_button.clicked.connect(self.send_data)
        send_layout.addWidget(send_label)
        send_layout.addWidget(self.send_edit)
        send_layout.addWidget(send_button)

        layout.addLayout(send_layout)

        # 接收区域
        receive_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        receive_label = QLabel('Receive:')
        self.receive_edit = QTextEdit()
        self.receive_edit.setReadOnly(True)
        receive_layout.addWidget(receive_label)
        receive_layout.addWidget(self.receive_edit)

        layout.addLayout(receive_layout)

        self.setLayout(layout)

    def start_serial(self, config):
        if self._serial is not None:
            self._serial.close()

        self._serial = serial.Serial(
            port=config['port'],
            baudrate=config['baudrate'],
            bytesize=config['bytesize'],
            parity=config['parity'],
            stopbits=config['stopbits'],
            xonxoff=config['xonxoff'],
            rtscts=config['rtscts'],
            dsrdtr=config['dsrdtr']
        )

        self._serial.flushInput()
        self._serial.flushOutput()

    def send_data(self):
        data = self.send_edit.toPlainText().encode()
        self._serial.write(data)

    def receive_data(self):
        data = self._serial.readline()
        if data:
            self.receive_edit.insertPlainText(data.decode())

    def close_serial(self):
        if self._serial is None:
            return

        self._serial.close()
        self._serial = None

    def update(self):
        if self._serial is not None:
            self.receive_data()

class SerialDebugHelper(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        # 初始化界面
        self.setWindowTitle('Serial Debug Helper')
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)

        # 初始化串口调试窗口
        self.central_widget = SerialDebugWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)

        # 初始化菜单栏
        file_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu('File')
        exit_action = file_menu.addAction('Exit')
        exit_action.triggered.connect(self.close)

        serial_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu('Serial')
        open_action = serial_menu.addAction('Open')
        open_action.triggered.connect(self.open_serial)
        close_action = serial_menu.addAction('Close')
        close_action.triggered.connect(self.close_serial)

        help_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu('Help')
        about_action = help_menu.addAction('About')
        about_action.triggered.connect(self.show_about)

        # 定时器，用于读取串口数据
        self.timer = self.central_widget.startTimer(10)

    def open_serial(self):
        config = self.central_widget.config_widget.get_config()
        self.central_widget.start_serial(config)

    def close_serial(self):
        self.central_widget.close_serial()

    def show_about(self):
        pass

    def timerEvent(self, event):
        self.central_widget.update()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    helper = SerialDebugHelper()
    helper.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

该调试助手使用 PyQt5 实现了有界面的串口调试功能，用户可以通过界面来选择串口配置、发送数据和接收数据。具体来说，界面分为三个部分：串口配置、发送区域和接收区域。串口配置部分使用 SerialConfigWidget 类实现，发送和接收区域使用 SerialDebugWidget 类实现。用户可以通过菜单栏来打开和关闭串口，也可以通过快捷键来快速打开和关闭串口。定时器用于定时读取串口数据，并更新接收区域的内容。