pyqt5界面嵌入matplotlib

在PyQt5的界面中嵌入Matplotlib实际上非常简单。以下是代码示例，它将Matplotlib嵌入到一个PyQt5窗口应用程序中：

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QMenu, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QWidget, QPushButton
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure


class PlotCanvas(FigureCanvas):

    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
        fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)

        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
        self.setParent(parent)

        FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self, QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)


class MainWindow(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5 & Matplotlib Demo")
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)

        # Create the button to update the plot
        update_button = QPushButton("Update Plot", self)
        update_button.resize(100, 25)
        update_button.move(10, 10)
        update_button.clicked.connect(self.update_plot)

        # Create the canvas to display the plot
        canvas = PlotCanvas(self, width=5, height=4)
        canvas.move(0, 100)

        # Create a layout for the window
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(update_button)
        layout.addWidget(canvas)

        # Create a central widget and set the layout
        central_widget = QWidget()
        central_widget.setLayout(layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        self.update_plot()

    def update_plot(self):
        # Clear the figure
        self.canvas.axes.clear()

        # Create some data to plot
        x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
        y = [3, 5, 1, 7, 9]

        # Plot the data
        self.canvas.axes.plot(x, y)

        # Update the canvas
        self.canvas.draw()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MainWindow()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

这段代码首先定义了一个名为PlotCanvas的类，它是一个受Matplotlib支持的Qt小部件，并用于在Matplotlib图形上绘制。接下来，MainWindow类继承自QMainWindow并定义了一个PyQt5应用程序的主窗口。在构造函数中，我们创建了一个用于更新绘图的按钮，以及一个用于在其中绘制Matplotlib图形的PlotCanvas对象。然后，我们将两个控件添加到窗口布局中并显示窗口。最后，在update_plot方法中，我们定义了要绘制的数据以及绘图命令，然后将其呈现到Matplotlib图形上并更新窗口。