使用RT-Thread studio如何开发stm32f407实现多通道adc采集

1. 配置开发环境

首先需要下载安装RT-Thread Studio和STM32CubeMX两个软件，并且安装好STM32F407芯片的支持包。

2. 创建工程

在RT-Thread Studio中创建一个新的RT-Thread工程，并选择STM32F407芯片作为目标平台。接着在工程配置界面中选择“生成Makefile”选项，并保存工程。

3. 配置STM32CubeMX

打开STM32CubeMX软件，选择STM32F407芯片，并进行以下配置：

（1）配置时钟：根据实际需求设置时钟频率和分频系数。

（2）配置ADC：选择多通道模式，设置采样通道和采样时间。

（3）配置DMA：将ADC数据通过DMA传输到内存中。

（4）生成代码：在“Project Manager”界面中点击“Generate Code”按钮生成代码并保存。

4. 编写应用程序

在RT-Thread Studio中打开生成的工程，在应用程序中编写代码，实现多通道ADC采集功能。以下是示例代码：

#include <rtthread.h>
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

#define ADC_BUFFER_SIZE 10

static ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc1;
static DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_adc1;

static uint16_t adc_buffer[ADC_BUFFER_SIZE];

static void MX_ADC1_Init(void)
{
ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};

/** Configure the global features of the ADC (Clock, Resolution, Data Alignment and number of conversion)
*/
hadc1.Instance = ADC1;
hadc1.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_SYNC_PCLK_DIV2;
hadc1.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = ENABLE;
hadc1.Init.ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
hadc1.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
hadc1.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
hadc1.Init.NbrOfConversion = 2;
hadc1.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = ENABLE;
hadc1.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SEQ_CONV;
if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}

/** Configure for the selected ADC regular channel its corresponding rank in the sequencer and its sample time.
*/
sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_0;
sConfig.Rank = 1;
sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_15CYCLES;
if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_1;
sConfig.Rank = 2;
if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}

static void MX_DMA_Init(void)
{
/* DMA controller clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_DMA2_CLK_ENABLE();

/* DMA interrupt init */
/* DMA2_Stream0_IRQn interrupt configuration */
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA2_Stream0_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA2_Stream0_IRQn);

}

void HAL_ADC_MspInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* adcHandle)
{

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
if(adcHandle->Instance==ADC1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_MspInit 0 */

/* USER CODE END ADC1_MspInit 0 */
/* ADC1 clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_ADC1_CLK_ENABLE();

__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
/**ADC1 GPIO Configuration
PA0-WKUP ------> ADC1_IN0
PA1 ------> ADC1_IN1
*/
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0|GPIO_PIN_1;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* ADC1 DMA Init */
/* ADC1 Init */
hdma_adc1.Instance = DMA2_Stream0;
hdma_adc1.Init.Channel = DMA_CHANNEL_0;
hdma_adc1.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
hdma_adc1.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
hdma_adc1.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
hdma_adc1.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_HALFWORD;
hdma_adc1.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_HALFWORD;
hdma_adc1.Init.Mode = DMA_CIRCULAR;
hdma_adc1.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_LOW;
hdma_adc1.Init.FIFOMode = DMA_FIFOMODE_DISABLE;
if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_adc1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}

__HAL_LINKDMA(adcHandle,DMA_Handle,hdma_adc1);

}
}

void HAL_ADC_MspDeInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* adcHandle)
{

if(adcHandle->Instance==ADC1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_MspDeInit 0 */

/* USER CODE END ADC1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* Peripheral clock disable */
__HAL_RCC_ADC1_CLK_DISABLE();

/**ADC1 GPIO Configuration
PA0-WKUP ------> ADC1_IN0
PA1 ------> ADC1_IN1
*/
HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_0|GPIO_PIN_1);

/* ADC1 DMA DeInit */
HAL_DMA_DeInit(adcHandle->DMA_Handle);
}
}

void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hadc);

/* USER CODE BEGIN HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback 0 */

/* USER CODE END HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback 0 */
/* DMA2_Stream0_IRQn interrupt user code */
/* USER CODE BEGIN DMA2_Stream0_IRQn 0 */

/* USER CODE END DMA2_Stream0_IRQn 0 */
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_15);
/* USER CODE BEGIN HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback 1 */

/* USER CODE END HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback 1 */
}

static void adc_thread_entry(void *parameter)
{
/* Configure ADC and DMA */
MX_ADC1_Init();
MX_DMA_Init();

/* Start ADC conversion */
HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1, (uint32_t*)adc_buffer, ADC_BUFFER_SIZE);

while (1)
{
rt_thread_mdelay(100);
}
}

int adc_init(void)
{
rt_thread_t thread = rt_thread_create("adc", adc_thread_entry, RT_NULL, 1024, 25, 5);
if (thread != RT_NULL)
{
rt_thread_startup(thread);
}

return RT_EOK;
}

INIT_APP_EXPORT(adc_init);

5. 编译和下载

在RT-Thread Studio中编译工程，并将程序下载到STM32F407芯片中。启动程序后，就可以通过多通道ADC采集模拟信号。