Win32 COM组件 封装excel表格封装方法

要在Win32 COM组件中封装Excel表格，需要使用Microsoft Office Excel的COM对象模型。以下是一个简单的例子，演示如何打开一个Excel文件，读取并修改其中的数据，然后保存并关闭该文件：

#include <windows.h>
#include <ole2.h>
#include <oleauto.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    // 初始化COM库
    CoInitialize(NULL);

    // 创建Excel对象
    IDispatch* pExcel = NULL;
    CLSID clsid;
    CLSIDFromProgID(L"Excel.Application", &clsid);
    CoCreateInstance(clsid, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IDispatch, (void**)&pExcel);

    // 打开Excel文件
    VARIANT vFileName;
    VariantInit(&vFileName);
    vFileName.vt = VT_BSTR;
    vFileName.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"C:\\Test.xlsx");
    VARIANT vReadOnly;
    VariantInit(&vReadOnly);
    vReadOnly.vt = VT_BOOL;
    vReadOnly.boolVal = VARIANT_FALSE;
    IDispatch* pWorkbooks = NULL;
    pExcel->Invoke(0x223, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, NULL, &pWorkbooks, NULL, NULL);
    IDispatch* pWorkbook = NULL;
    pWorkbooks->Invoke(0x3ec, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_METHOD, NULL, &vFileName, &vReadOnly, &pWorkbook, NULL);
    pWorkbooks->Release();
    VariantClear(&vFileName);
    VariantClear(&vReadOnly);

    // 获取第一个工作表
    IDispatch* pWorksheets = NULL;
    pWorkbook->Invoke(0x22e, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, NULL, &pWorksheets, NULL, NULL);
    IDispatch* pWorksheet = NULL;
    VARIANT vIndex;
    VariantInit(&vIndex);
    vIndex.vt = VT_I4;
    vIndex.lVal = 1;
    pWorksheets->Invoke(0x0, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, NULL, &vIndex, &pWorksheet, NULL);
    pWorksheets->Release();
    VariantClear(&vIndex);

    // 读取和修改单元格的值
    VARIANT vCell;
    VariantInit(&vCell);
    vCell.vt = VT_BSTR;
    vCell.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"A1");
    IDispatch* pRange = NULL;
    pWorksheet->Invoke(0x4c, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, NULL, &vCell, &pRange, NULL);
    IDispatch* pValue = NULL;
    pRange->Invoke(0x0, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, NULL, NULL, &pValue, NULL);
    VARIANT vNewValue;
    VariantInit(&vNewValue);
    vNewValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
    vNewValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"New Value");
    pValue->Invoke(0x3c, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT, NULL, &vNewValue, NULL, NULL);
    pValue->Release();
    pRange->Release();
    VariantClear(&vCell);
    VariantClear(&vNewValue);

    // 保存并关闭Excel文件
    VARIANT vSaveChanges;
    VariantInit(&vSaveChanges);
    vSaveChanges.vt = VT_BOOL;
    vSaveChanges.boolVal = VARIANT_TRUE;
    pWorkbook->Invoke(0x1f4, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_METHOD, NULL, &vSaveChanges, NULL, NULL);
    pWorkbook->Release();
    VariantClear(&vSaveChanges);
    pExcel->Invoke(0x12d, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_METHOD, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

    // 释放COM对象并清除COM库
    pWorksheet->Release();
    pExcel->Release();
    CoUninitialize();

    return 0;
}

这个例子使用了Excel的COM对象模型中的一些常用方法和属性。你可以根据需要进行调整和扩展。注意在使用COM对象时要仔细处理对象的引用计数和内存释放，以避免内存泄漏和程序崩溃等问题。