stm32 esp8266一键配网详细程序

以下是 STM32 和 ESP8266 实现一键配网的详细程序：

首先，在 STM32 中初始化串口和 WiFi 模块，然后发送 AT 指令进行 WiFi 模块的初始化。

/* STM32 串口初始化 */
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

/* 串口时钟初始化 */
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);

/* 串口引脚初始化 */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

/* 将 PA9 和 PA10 引脚设置为复用功能 */
GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource9, GPIO_AF_USART1);
GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource10, GPIO_AF_USART1);

/* 配置 USART1 参数 */
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);

/* 开启 USART1 */
USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);

/* ESP8266 模块初始化 */
USART_SendString("AT+RST\r\n"); // 重启 WiFi 模块
Delay(1000);
USART_SendString("AT+CWMODE=2\r\n"); // 设置为 AP 模式
Delay(1000);

然后，配置 WiFi 模块为 AP 模式，并设置 SSID 和密码。

/* 设置 AP 模式 */
USART_SendString("AT+CWMODE=2\r\n");
Delay(1000);

/* 设置 SSID 和密码 */
USART_SendString("AT+CWSAP=\"SSID\",\"password\",1,0\r\n");
Delay(1000);

接下来，实现一键配网的功能。首先，创建一个 TCP 服务器，并等待客户端连接。

/* 创建 TCP 服务器 */
USART_SendString("AT+CIPMUX=1\r\n");
Delay(1000);
USART_SendString("AT+CIPSERVER=1,80\r\n");
Delay(1000);

/* 等待客户端连接 */
while (1) {
    if (USART_GetString(str, sizeof(str))) {
        if (strstr(str, "+IPD,") != NULL) {
            int len = 0;
            if (parse_ipd(str, &len)) {
                USART_SendString("AT+CIPSEND=0,");
                USART_SendString(itoa(len, buf, 10));
                USART_SendString("\r\n");
                Delay(1000);
                USART_SendString("Hello, this is ESP8266 AP mode!\r\n");
                Delay(1000);
                USART_SendString("AT+CIPCLOSE=0\r\n");
                Delay(1000);
            }
        }
    }
}

当客户端连接后，发送一个预设的数据包。在数据包中包含 SSID 和密码。

/* 发送预设的数据包 */
char ssid[] = "myssid";
char password[] = "mypassword";
int len = strlen(ssid) + strlen(password) + 1;
USART_SendString("AT+CIPSEND=0,");
USART_SendString(itoa(len, buf, 10));
USART_SendString("\r\n");
Delay(1000);
USART_SendString(ssid);
USART_SendString(",");
USART_SendString(password);
USART_SendString("\r\n");
Delay(1000);
USART_SendString("AT+CIPCLOSE=0\r\n");
Delay(1000);

客户端收到数据包后，将其中的 SSID 和密码保存，并使用这些信息连接 WiFi 网络。

import socket

# 接收数据包
def recvall(sock):
    BUFF_SIZE = 1024  # 一次接收的数据包大小
    data = b""
    while True:
        part = sock.recv(BUFF_SIZE)
        data += part
        if len(part) < BUFF_SIZE:
            break
    return data

# 连接 WiFi
def connect_wifi():
    # 创建 TCP 连接
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    sock.connect(("192.168.4.1", 80))

    # 发送数据包
    data = recvall(sock)
    ssid, password = data.decode().strip().split(",")
    print("SSID:", ssid)
    print("Password:", password)

    # 关闭连接
    sock.close()

    # 连接 WiFi
    wifi = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wifi.active(True)
    wifi.connect(ssid, password)
    while not wifi.isconnected():
        pass

    print("WiFi connected!")

在 STM32 中，使用 ESP8266 的 AT 指令获取 WiFi 连接状态，如果连接成功，则退出循环。

/* 等待 WiFi 连接成功 */
while (1) {
    USART_SendString("AT+CWJAP?\r\n");
    Delay(1000);
    if (strstr(str, "+CWJAP:\"myssid\"") != NULL) {
        USART_SendString("AT+CIPSERVER=0\r\n");
        Delay(1000);
        USART_SendString("AT+CWMODE=1\r\n");
        Delay(1000);
        break;
    }
}

最后，完成一键配网的实现。

完整的 STM32 和 ESP8266 代码如下所示：

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

/* 延时函数 */
void Delay(__IO uint32_t nCount) {
    while(nCount--) {
    }
}

/* USART1 发送字符串 */
void USART_SendString(char *str) {
    while (*str) {
        while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
        USART_SendData(USART1, *str++);
        while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET);
    }
}

/* USART1 接收字符串 */
int USART_GetString(char *str, int len) {
    int i = 0;
    while (i < len) {
        if (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_RXNE) == SET) {
            char ch = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
            if (ch == '\n') {
                str[i] = '\0';
                return i;
            } else if (ch != '\r') {
                str[i++] = ch;
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/* 解析 IPD 指令 */
int parse_ipd(char *str, int *len) {
    char *ptr = strstr(str, ",");
    if (ptr != NULL) {
        ptr++;
        *len = atoi(ptr);
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

/* 将整数转换为字符串 */
char *itoa(int val, char *str, int base) {
    static char buf[32] = {0};
    int i = 30;
    for (; val && i; --i, val /= base)
        buf[i] = "0123456789abcdef"[val % base];
    return memcpy(str, buf + i + 1, 32 - i);
}

int main(void) {
    char str[256], buf[32];

    /* STM32 串口初始化 */
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

    /* 串口时钟初始化 */
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
    RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);

    /* 串口引脚初始化 */
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    /* 将 PA9 和 PA10 引脚设置为复用功能 */
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource9, GPIO_AF_USART1);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource10, GPIO_AF_USART1);

    /* 配置 USART1 参数 */
    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);

    /* 开启 USART1 */
    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);

    /* ESP8266 模块初始化 */
    USART_SendString("AT+RST\r\n"); // 重启 WiFi 模块
    Delay(1000);
    USART_SendString("AT+CWMODE=2\r\n"); // 设置为 AP 模式
    Delay(1000);

    /* 设置 AP 模式 */
    USART_SendString("AT+CWMODE=2\r\n");
    Delay(1000);

    /* 设置 SSID 和密码 */
    USART_SendString("AT+CWSAP=\"SSID\",\"password\",1,0\r\n");
    Delay(1000);

    /* 创建 TCP 服务器 */
    USART_SendString("AT+CIPMUX=1\r\n");
    Delay(1000);
    USART_SendString("AT+CIPSERVER=1,80\r\n");
    Delay(1000);

    /* 等待客户端连接 */
    while (1) {
        if (USART_GetString(str, sizeof(str))) {
            if (strstr(str, "+IPD,") != NULL) {
                int len = 0;
                if (parse_ipd(str, &len)) {
                    USART_SendString("AT+CIPSEND=0,");
                    USART_SendString(itoa(len, buf, 10));
                    USART_SendString("\r\n");
                    Delay(1000);
                    USART_SendString("Hello, this is ESP8266 AP mode!\r\n");
                    Delay(1000);
                    USART_SendString("AT+CIPCLOSE=0\r\n");
                    Delay(1000);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /* 发送预设的数据包 */
    char ssid[] = "myssid";
    char password[] = "mypassword";
    int len = strlen(ssid) + strlen(password) + 1;
    USART_SendString("AT+CIPSEND=0,");
    USART_SendString(itoa(len, buf, 10));
    USART_SendString("\r\n");
    Delay(1000);
    USART_SendString(ssid);
    USART_SendString(",");
    USART_SendString(password);
    USART_SendString("\r\n");
    Delay(1000);
    USART_SendString("AT+CIPCLOSE=0\r\n");
    Delay(1000);

    /* 等待 WiFi 连接成功 */
    while (1) {
        USART_SendString("AT+CWJAP?\r\n");
        Delay(1000);
        if (strstr(str, "+CWJAP:\"myssid\"") != NULL) {
            USART_SendString("AT+CIPSERVER=0\r\n");
            Delay(1000);
            USART_SendString("AT+CWMODE=1\r\n");
            Delay(1000);
            break;
        }
    }

    while (1) {
    }
}