1、定义一个rain类的实象train1，定义一个car类的实例对象car1，定义一个truck类的实V象truck1，定义一个aircrah类的实例对象aircraft1，打印出所有实例对象的所有特性。2、对car类增加颜色(color)属性，并参考51.2节对颜色(color)属性进行数据封装。3、采用多重勇的方式，在现有类的基础上定义一个能像飞机一样飞行的小汽车类( aircraf-car )

1.

# 定义类Train
class Train:
    def __init__(self, speed, length, weight):
        self.speed = speed
        self.length = length
        self.weight = weight

# 定义类Car
class Car:
    def __init__(self, brand, model, price):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model
        self.price = price

# 定义类Truck
class Truck:
    def __init__(self, weight_capacity, volume_capacity, fuel_type):
        self.weight_capacity = weight_capacity
        self.volume_capacity = volume_capacity
        self.fuel_type = fuel_type

# 定义类Aircraft
class Aircraft:
    def __init__(self, wingspan, length, weight):
        self.wingspan = wingspan
        self.length = length
        self.weight = weight

# 实例化对象
train1 = Train(200, 1000, 5000)
car1 = Car("Tesla", "Model S", 100000)
truck1 = Truck(5000, 50, "diesel")
aircraft1 = Aircraft(30, 50, 10000)

# 打印对象属性
print("train1: speed={}, length={}, weight={}".format(train1.speed, train1.length, train1.weight))
print("car1: brand={}, model={}, price={}".format(car1.brand, car1.model, car1.price))
print("truck1: weight_capacity={}, volume_capacity={}, fuel_type={}".format(truck1.weight_capacity, truck1.volume_capacity, truck1.fuel_type))
print("aircraft1: wingspan={}, length={}, weight={}".format(aircraft1.wingspan, aircraft1.length, aircraft1.weight))

2.

# 定义类Car
class Car:
    def __init__(self, brand, model, price):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model
        self.__color = 'unknown'  # 默认颜色为未知
        self.price = price
    
    def get_color(self):
        return self.__color
    
    def set_color(self, color):
        self.__color = color

# 实例化对象
car1 = Car("Tesla", "Model S", 100000)

# 打印对象属性
print("car1: brand={}, model={}, price={}, color={}".format(car1.brand, car1.model, car1.price, car1.get_color()))

# 修改颜色
car1.set_color('red')

# 打印对象属性
print("car1: brand={}, model={}, price={}, color={}".format(car1.brand, car1.model, car1.price, car1.get_color()))

3.

# 定义类Aircraft
class Aircraft:
    def __init__(self, wingspan, length, weight):
        self.wingspan = wingspan
        self.length = length
        self.weight = weight
    
    def fly(self):
        print("I am flying!")

# 定义类AircraftCar，继承自Car和Aircraft
class AircraftCar(Car, Aircraft):
    def __init__(self, brand, model, price, wingspan, length, weight):
        Car.__init__(self, brand, model, price)
        Aircraft.__init__(self, wingspan, length, weight)

# 实例化对象
aircraft_car1 = AircraftCar("Flying Car", "Model X", 200000, 50, 80, 5000)

# 打印对象属性
print("aircraft_car1: brand={}, model={}, price={}, wingspan={}, length={}, weight={}".format(aircraft_car1.brand, aircraft_car1.model, aircraft_car1.price, aircraft_car1.wingspan, aircraft_car1.length, aircraft_car1.weight))

# 调用fly方法
aircraft_car1.fly()

输出结果：

aircraft_car1: brand=Flying Car, model=Model X, price=200000, wingspan=50, length=80, weight=5000
I am flying!