程序设计 设计一个名为Vehicle的抽象基类，这个基类包含：名称、颜色、门的数量、气缸数量、变速箱类型和油位表示。在添加一个名为horn的函数用来显示Vehicle喇叭发出的声音。print函数用来显示信息。horn函数和print函数都应该是虚函数。horn是个纯虚函数。类Taxi和Truck是派生类。 编写一个类的测试结构要求：将一个Taxi类型的对象和一个Truck类型的对象实例化，并创建一个基类指针数组分别指向这两个对象。 程序输出如下： Taxi： Number of doors:4 Number of cylinders:6 Transmission type:5 Color :yellow Fuel level:3.3 Truck: Number of doors:2 Number of cylinders:16 Transmission type:8 Color :black Fuel level:7.54 Taxi:beep beep! Truck:HOOOONK!

下面是代码实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Vehicle {
public:
    Vehicle(string n, string c, int d, int cy, string t, float f): name(n), color(c), doors(d), cylinders(cy), transmission(t), fuel(f) {}
    virtual ~Vehicle() {}
    virtual void horn() = 0;
    virtual void print() {
        cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
        cout << "Color: " << color << endl;
        cout << "Number of doors: " << doors << endl;
        cout << "Number of cylinders: " << cylinders << endl;
        cout << "Transmission type: " << transmission << endl;
        cout << "Fuel level: " << fuel << endl;
    }
protected:
    string name;
    string color;
    int doors;
    int cylinders;
    string transmission;
    float fuel;
};

class Taxi: public Vehicle {
public:
    Taxi(string n, string c, int d, int cy, string t, float f): Vehicle(n, c, d, cy, t, f) {}
    void horn() {
        cout << "beep beep!" << endl;
    }
};

class Truck: public Vehicle {
public:
    Truck(string n, string c, int d, int cy, string t, float f): Vehicle(n, c, d, cy, t, f) {}
    void horn() {
        cout << "HOOOONK!" << endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    Vehicle* vehicles[2];
    vehicles[0] = new Taxi("Taxi", "yellow", 4, 6, "5", 3.3);
    vehicles[1] = new Truck("Truck", "black", 2, 16, "8", 7.54);
    for(int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
        vehicles[i]->print();
        vehicles[i]->horn();
    }
    return 0;
}

输出结果：

Name: Taxi
Color: yellow
Number of doors: 4
Number of cylinders: 6
Transmission type: 5
Fuel level: 3.3
beep beep!
Name: Truck
Color: black
Number of doors: 2
Number of cylinders: 16
Transmission type: 8
Fuel level: 7.54
HOOOONK!