Python中如何用type判别数字的类型
时间: 2024-03-14 09:43:04 浏览: 22
在Python中,可以使用type函数来判断一个数字的类型。以下是示例代码:
```python
a = 5
b = 3.14
c = 1 + 2j
print(type(a)) # <class 'int'>
print(type(b)) # <class 'float'>
print(type(c)) # <class 'complex'>
```
上面的代码中,我们定义了三个数字变量a、b和c,分别为整型、浮点型和复数型。然后使用type函数分别判断了这三个变量的类型,并打印输出了结果。
需要注意的是,Python中的数字类型包括整型(int)、浮点型(float)、复数型(complex),还有一些其他的数字类型。如果要判断一个数字是否是整型、浮点型或者复数型,只需要使用type函数判断即可。
如果你需要判断一个变量是否为数字类型,可以使用isinstance函数。例如:
```python
a = 5
print(isinstance(a, int)) # True
print(isinstance(a, float)) # False
print(isinstance(a, complex)) # False
```
上面的代码中,使用isinstance函数判断变量a是否为整型、浮点型和复数型,结果分别为True、False和False。
相关问题
gan python实现
GAN是生成式对抗网络(Generative Adversarial Networks)的缩写,是一种用于生成模拟数据的机器学习模型。下面是一个简单的GAN Python实现示例:
```python
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from keras.layers import Dense, Input
from keras.models import Model
from keras.optimizers import Adam
# 生成器模型
def build_generator(latent_dim):
inputs = Input(shape=(latent_dim,))
x = Dense(128, activation='relu')(inputs)
x = Dense(256, activation='relu')(x)
x = Dense(512, activation='relu')(x)
outputs = Dense(784, activation='sigmoid')(x)
model = Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs)
return model
# 判别器模型
def build_discriminator():
inputs = Input(shape=(784,))
x = Dense(512, activation='relu')(inputs)
x = Dense(256, activation='relu')(x)
x = Dense(128, activation='relu')(x)
outputs = Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')(x)
model = Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs)
return model
# GAN模型
def build_gan(generator, discriminator):
discriminator.trainable = False
inputs = Input(shape=(100,))
gan_outputs = discriminator(generator(inputs))
model = Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=gan_outputs)
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer=Adam(lr=0.0002, beta_1=0.5))
return model
# 加载数据集
(X_train, _), (_, _) = mnist.load_data()
X_train = X_train.reshape(X_train.shape[0], 784)
X_train = X_train.astype('float32') / 255
# 构建模型
generator = build_generator(100)
discriminator = build_discriminator()
gan = build_gan(generator, discriminator)
# 训练GAN模型
for epoch in range(1000):
noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, (100,)) # 生成噪声
fake_images = generator.predict(noise) # 生成假图片
real_images = X_train[np.random.randint(0, X_train.shape[0], size=100)] # 从真实数据集中随机取出100张图片
# 训练判别器
discriminator.trainable = True
discriminator.train_on_batch(real_images, np.ones((100,)))
discriminator.train_on_batch(fake_images, np.zeros((100,)))
# 训练生成器
noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, (100,))
discriminator.trainable = False
gan.train_on_batch(noise, np.ones((100,)))
# 每100轮输出一次生成的图片
if epoch % 100 == 0:
print('Epoch %d' % epoch)
plt.imshow(fake_images[0].reshape(28, 28), cmap='gray')
plt.show()
```
以上是一个基本的GAN Python实现示例,它使用了Keras深度学习框架和MNIST手写数字数据集来生成手写数字图像。该示例中的生成器和判别器模型都是基于全连接层的简单模型,可以根据需求进行更改和优化。
生成对抗网络代码python
生成对抗网络(GAN)是一种用于生成新数据的机器学习模型。下面是一个简单的GAN代码示例,使用Python和TensorFlow库:
```python
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras import layers
# 定义生成器模型
def make_generator_model():
model = tf.keras.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Dense(256, input_shape=(100,), use_bias=False))
model.add(layers.BatchNormalization())
model.add(layers.LeakyReLU())
model.add(layers.Dense(512))
model.add(layers.BatchNormalization())
model.add(layers.LeakyReLU())
model.add(layers.Dense(28*28, activation='tanh'))
model.add(layers.Reshape((28, 28, 1)))
return model
# 定义判别器模型
def make_discriminator_model():
model = tf.keras.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28, 1)))
model.add(layers.Dense(512))
model.add(layers.LeakyReLU())
model.add(layers.Dense(256))
model.add(layers.LeakyReLU())
model.add(layers.Dense(1))
return model
# 定义损失函数
cross_entropy = tf.keras.losses.BinaryCrossentropy(from_logits=True)
# 定义生成器损失函数
def generator_loss(fake_output):
return cross_entropy(tf.ones_like(fake_output), fake_output)
# 定义判别器损失函数
def discriminator_loss(real_output, fake_output):
real_loss = cross_entropy(tf.ones_like(real_output), real_output)
fake_loss = cross_entropy(tf.zeros_like(fake_output), fake_output)
total_loss = real_loss + fake_loss
return total_loss
# 定义生成器和判别器
generator = make_generator_model()
discriminator = make_discriminator_model()
# 定义优化器
generator_optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(1e-4)
discriminator_optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(1e-4)
# 定义训练循环
@tf.function
def train_step(images):
noise = tf.random.normal([BATCH_SIZE, 100])
with tf.GradientTape() as gen_tape, tf.GradientTape() as disc_tape:
generated_images = generator(noise, training=True)
real_output = discriminator(images, training=True)
fake_output = discriminator(generated_images, training=True)
gen_loss = generator_loss(fake_output)
disc_loss = discriminator_loss(real_output, fake_output)
gradients_of_generator = gen_tape.gradient(gen_loss, generator.trainable_variables)
gradients_of_discriminator = disc_tape.gradient(disc_loss, discriminator.trainable_variables)
generator_optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(gradients_of_generator, generator.trainable_variables))
discriminator_optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(gradients_of_discriminator, discriminator.trainable_variables))
# 使用MNIST数据集进行训练
(train_images, train_labels), (_, _) = tf.keras.datasets.mnist.load_data()
train_images = train_images.reshape(train_images.shape[0], 28, 28, 1).astype('float32')
train_images = (train_images - 127.5) / 127.5
BUFFER_SIZE = 60000
BATCH_SIZE = 256
train_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(train_images).shuffle(BUFFER_SIZE).batch(BATCH_SIZE)
# 训练模型
EPOCHS = 50
for epoch in range(EPOCHS):
for image_batch in train_dataset:
train_step(image_batch)
# 生成新的图片
noise = tf.random.normal([1, 100])
generated_image = generator(noise, training=False)
```
以上是一个简单的生成对抗网络(GAN)的Python代码示例,用于生成手写数字图片。请注意,这只是一个基本示例,实际应用中可能需要进行更多的调整和优化。