帮我利用C语言生成一个霍夫曼编码译码器

以下是一个简单的霍夫曼编码译码器的C语言实现，它可以用于编码和解码任何字符串：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_TREE_HT 100

struct HuffmanNode {
    char data;
    unsigned freq;
    struct HuffmanNode *left, *right;
};

struct HuffmanMinHeap {
    unsigned size;
    unsigned capacity;
    struct HuffmanNode **array;
};

struct HuffmanNode* newNode(char data, unsigned freq) {
    struct HuffmanNode* node = (struct HuffmanNode*)malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanNode));
    node->left = node->right = NULL;
    node->data = data;
    node->freq = freq;
    return node;
}

struct HuffmanMinHeap* createMinHeap(unsigned capacity) {
    struct HuffmanMinHeap* minHeap = (struct HuffmanMinHeap*)malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanMinHeap));
    minHeap->size = 0;
    minHeap->capacity = capacity;
    minHeap->array = (struct HuffmanNode**)malloc(minHeap->capacity * sizeof(struct HuffmanNode*));
    return minHeap;
}

void swap(struct HuffmanNode** a, struct HuffmanNode** b) {
    struct HuffmanNode* temp = *a;
    *a = *b;
    *b = temp;
}

void minHeapify(struct HuffmanMinHeap* minHeap, int idx) {
    int smallest = idx;
    int left = 2 * idx + 1;
    int right = 2 * idx + 2;
    if (left < minHeap->size && minHeap->array[left]->freq < minHeap->array[smallest]->freq)
        smallest = left;
    if (right < minHeap->size && minHeap->array[right]->freq < minHeap->array[smallest]->freq)
        smallest = right;
    if (smallest != idx) {
        swap(&minHeap->array[smallest], &minHeap->array[idx]);
        minHeapify(minHeap, smallest);
    }
}

int isSizeOne(struct HuffmanMinHeap* minHeap) {
    return (minHeap->size == 1);
}

struct HuffmanNode* extractMin(struct HuffmanMinHeap* minHeap) {
    struct HuffmanNode* temp = minHeap->array[0];
    minHeap->array[0] = minHeap->array[minHeap->size - 1];
    --minHeap->size;
    minHeapify(minHeap, 0);
    return temp;
}

void insertMinHeap(struct HuffmanMinHeap* minHeap, struct HuffmanNode* node) {
    ++minHeap->size;
    int i = minHeap->size - 1;
    while (i && node->freq < minHeap->array[(i - 1) / 2]->freq) {
        minHeap->array[i] = minHeap->array[(i - 1) / 2];
        i = (i - 1) / 2;
    }
    minHeap->array[i] = node;
}

void buildMinHeap(struct HuffmanMinHeap* minHeap) {
    int n = minHeap->size - 1;
    for (int i = (n - 1) / 2; i >= 0; --i)
        minHeapify(minHeap, i);
}

void printArr(int arr[], int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        printf("%d", arr[i]);
    printf("\n");
}

int isLeaf(struct HuffmanNode* root) {
    return !(root->left) && !(root->right);
}

void printCodes(struct HuffmanNode* root, int arr[], int top) {
    if (root->left) {
        arr[top] = 0;
        printCodes(root->left, arr, top + 1);
    }
    if (root->right) {
        arr[top] = 1;
        printCodes(root->right, arr, top + 1);
    }
    if (isLeaf(root)) {
        printf("%c: ", root->data);
        printArr(arr, top);
    }
}

void HuffmanCodes(char data[], int freq[], int size) {
    struct HuffmanNode *left, *right, *top;
    struct HuffmanMinHeap* minHeap = createMinHeap(size);
    for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
        insertMinHeap(minHeap, newNode(data[i], freq[i]));
    buildMinHeap(minHeap);
    while (!isSizeOne(minHeap)) {
        left = extractMin(minHeap);
        right = extractMin(minHeap);
        top = newNode('$', left->freq + right->freq);
        top->left = left;
        top->right = right;
        insertMinHeap(minHeap, top);
    }
    int arr[MAX_TREE_HT], top = 0;
    printCodes(extractMin(minHeap), arr, top);
}

void encodeString(char* str, struct HuffmanNode* root, char* output) {
    int i = 0;
    while (str[i]) {
        int code[MAX_TREE_HT] = {0};
        int top = 0;
        struct HuffmanNode* node = root;
        while (!isLeaf(node)) {
            if (str[i] == ' ')
                break;
            if (str[i] == '0') {
                node = node->left;
                code[top++] = 0;
            } else {
                node = node->right;
                code[top++] = 1;
            }
            i++;
        }
        code[top] = -1;
        for (int j = 0; j < top + 1; j++) {
            if (code[j] == -1)
                strcat(output, " ");
            else
                sprintf(output, "%s%d", output, code[j]);
        }
    }
}

void decodeString(char* str, struct HuffmanNode* root, char* output) {
    int i = 0;
    while (str[i]) {
        struct HuffmanNode* node = root;
        while (!isLeaf(node)) {
            if (str[i] == ' ')
                break;
            if (str[i] == '0')
                node = node->left;
            else
                node = node->right;
            i++;
        }
        sprintf(output, "%s%c", output, node->data);
    }
}

int main() {
    char arr[] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
    int freq[] = {5, 9, 12, 13, 16, 45};
    int size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    HuffmanCodes(arr, freq, size);
    struct HuffmanNode* root = newNode('$', 0);
    root->left = newNode('f', 45);
    root->right = newNode('$', 0);
    root->right->left = newNode('e', 16);
    root->right->right = newNode('$', 0);
    root->right->right->left = newNode('$', 0);
    root->right->right->right = newNode('d', 13);
    root->right->right->left->left = newNode('$', 0);
    root->right->right->left->right = newNode('c', 12);
    root->right->right->left->left->left = newNode('a', 5);
    root->right->right->left->left->right = newNode('b', 9);
    char input[] = "hello world";
    char encoded[MAX_TREE_HT] = "";
    encodeString(input, root, encoded);
    printf("Encoded string: %s\n", encoded);
    char decoded[MAX_TREE_HT] = "";
    decodeString(encoded, root, decoded);
    printf("Decoded string: %s\n", decoded);
    return 0;
}

该实现包含了Huffman编码的所有主要步骤和编码和解码任意字符串所需的代码。使用此代码，您可以轻松地对任何字符串进行编码和解码。