java导入excel如何将错误信息导入出来

要将Excel中的错误信息导入出来，可以使用Java中的Apache POI库来读取Excel文件，并使用数据验证器（Data Validation）来检测单元格中的错误。以下是读取Excel文件并检测错误的示例代码：

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint.OperatorType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint.ValidationType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellReference;

public class ExcelValidator {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 读取Excel文件
        File file = new File("path/to/excel/file.xlsx");
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
        Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(fis);
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
        
        // 获取数据验证器
        DataValidationHelper dataValidationHelper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
        List<String> errorList = new ArrayList<String>();
        
        // 遍历每一行
        Iterator<Row> rowIterator = sheet.iterator();
        while (rowIterator.hasNext()) {
            Row row = rowIterator.next();
            
            // 遍历每一个单元格
            Iterator<Cell> cellIterator = row.iterator();
            while (cellIterator.hasNext()) {
                Cell cell = cellIterator.next();
                
                // 如果单元格有数据验证器
                DataValidation dataValidation = sheet.getDataValidationByCell(cell.getAddress());
                if (dataValidation != null) {
                    // 获取验证器约束条件
                    DataValidationConstraint constraint = dataValidation.getValidationConstraint();
                    
                    // 如果约束条件是一个列表
                    if (constraint.getValidationType() == ValidationType.LIST) {
                        // 获取列表中的有效值
                        List<String> validValues = new ArrayList<String>();
                        Name namedRange = workbook.getName(constraint.getFormula1().substring(1));
                        Sheet namedSheet = namedRange.getSheet();
                        int firstRow = namedRange.getRefersToFormula().indexOf("!") + 2;
                        int lastRow = namedSheet.getLastRowNum();
                        for (int i = firstRow; i <= lastRow; i++) {
                            Row namedRow = namedSheet.getRow(i);
                            if (namedRow != null) {
                                Cell namedCell = namedRow.getCell(namedRange.getRefersToFormula().indexOf("!") + 1);
                                if (namedCell != null) {
                                    validValues.add(namedCell.getStringCellValue());
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        
                        // 检查单元格中的值是否在有效值列表中
                        if (!validValues.contains(cell.getStringCellValue())) {
                            errorList.add("Invalid value in cell " + cell.getAddress() + ": " + cell.getStringCellValue());
                        }
                    }
                    
                    // 如果约束条件是数值比较
                    else if (constraint.getOperator() == OperatorType.BETWEEN || constraint.getOperator() == OperatorType.NOT_BETWEEN) {
                        double value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
                        double minValue = constraint.getFormula1().equals("") ? -Double.MAX_VALUE : Double.parseDouble(constraint.getFormula1());
                        double maxValue = constraint.getFormula2().equals("") ? Double.MAX_VALUE : Double.parseDouble(constraint.getFormula2());
                        
                        // 检查单元格中的值是否在有效范围内
                        if (constraint.getOperator() == OperatorType.BETWEEN && (value < minValue || value > maxValue)) {
                            errorList.add("Value out of range in cell " + cell.getAddress() + ": " + value);
                        } else if (constraint.getOperator() == OperatorType.NOT_BETWEEN && (value >= minValue && value <= maxValue)) {
                            errorList.add("Value out of range in cell " + cell.getAddress() + ": " + value);
                        }
                    }
                    
                    // 如果约束条件是自定义公式
                    else if (constraint.getValidationType() == ValidationType.FORMULA) {
                        String formula = constraint.getFormula1();
                        
                        // 如果公式中引用了其他单元格
                        if (formula.contains("$")) {
                            // 获取引用的单元格范围
                            int firstRow = CellReference.convertColStringToIndex(formula.substring(formula.indexOf("!") + 1, formula.indexOf("$")));
                            int firstColumn = CellReference.convertColStringToIndex(formula.substring(formula.indexOf("$") + 1, formula.indexOf(":")));
                            int lastRow = CellReference.convertColStringToIndex(formula.substring(formula.indexOf(":") + 3, formula.lastIndexOf("$")));
                            int lastColumn = CellReference.convertColStringToIndex(formula.substring(formula.lastIndexOf("$") + 1));
                            
                            // 创建一个新的数据验证器，只验证引用的单元格范围
                            DataValidation newValidation = dataValidationHelper.createValidation(constraint, new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow, lastRow, firstColumn, lastColumn));
                            
                            // 检查单元格中的值是否符合新的验证器
                            if (!newValidation.isValid(cell)) {
                                errorList.add("Invalid value in cell " + cell.getAddress() + ": " + cell.getStringCellValue());
                            }
                        }
                        
                        // 如果公式不引用其他单元格
                        else {
                            // 检查单元格中的值是否符合公式
                            if (!cell.getCellFormula().equals("") && !cell.getCellFormula().equals(formula)) {
                                errorList.add("Invalid value in cell " + cell.getAddress() + ": " + cell.getStringCellValue());
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        // 输出错误信息
        if (errorList.size() > 0) {
            System.out.println("Errors found:");
            for (String error : errorList) {
                System.out.println(error);
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("No errors found.");
        }
        
        workbook.close();
        fis.close();
    }
}

这个示例代码可以检测Excel文件中的数据验证器，并输出错误信息。你可以根据自己的需求修改代码。