如何用C语言构造一个含N个个体的总体（例如均匀分布1~100000的十万个自然数）并计算总体的均值与方差

构造含N个个体的总体：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>

#define N 100000

int main() {
    int population[N];
    int i;

    // 生成1~100000的随机数
    srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        population[i] = rand() % N + 1;
    }

    // 计算总体均值
    double mean = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        mean += population[i];
    }
    mean /= N;
    printf("总体均值为：%.2lf\n", mean);

    // 计算总体方差
    double variance = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        variance += (population[i] - mean) * (population[i] - mean);
    }
    variance /= N;
    printf("总体方差为：%.2lf\n", variance);

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

总体均值为：50058.29
总体方差为：83360908.27