rabbitmq实现延迟消息
时间: 2023-10-25 18:08:06 浏览: 94
RabbitMQ可以通过插件rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange实现延迟消息。该插件提供了一个特殊的交换机类型x-delayed-message,可以根据消息的延迟时间将消息路由到对应的队列中。
使用步骤如下:
1. 安装插件
```
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange
```
2. 创建x-delayed-message类型的交换机
```
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='delayed_exchange', exchange_type='x-delayed-message', arguments={'x-delayed-type': 'direct'})
```
3. 创建队列并绑定交换机
```
channel.queue_declare(queue='delayed_queue')
channel.queue_bind(queue='delayed_queue', exchange='delayed_exchange', routing_key='delayed_routing_key')
```
4. 发送延迟消息
```
import time
import json
message = {'key': 'value'}
headers = {'x-delay': 10000} # 延迟10秒
channel.basic_publish(exchange='delayed_exchange', routing_key='delayed_routing_key', body=json.dumps(message), properties=pika.BasicProperties(headers=headers))
```
5. 消费延迟消息
```
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print("Received message:", body)
ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)
channel.basic_consume(queue='delayed_queue', on_message_callback=callback)
channel.start_consuming()
```
注意:延迟时间是通过消息的header中的x-delay属性设置的,单位是毫秒。另外,需要确保RabbitMQ服务器的时间与实际时间同步,否则延迟时间可能会不准确。
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