用python编写强化实习完成俄罗斯方块游戏

好的，以下是一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏的实现，使用了Python和pygame库。代码中包含注释，帮助理解每一行代码的作用。

import pygame
import random

# 初始化pygame
pygame.init()

# 游戏区域大小
width, height = 300, 600

# 方块大小
block_size = 30

# 颜色定义
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 255)

# 初始化游戏窗口
game_display = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
pygame.display.set_caption('俄罗斯方块')

# 游戏区域坐标
game_x, game_y = 50, 50

# 字体设置
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 25)

# 方块类型定义
i_block = [(0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)]
j_block = [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, -1)]
l_block = [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)]
o_block = [(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]
s_block = [(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, -1)]
t_block = [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1)]
z_block = [(0, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]

# 方块颜色定义
block_colors = [red, green, blue]

# 游戏结束标志
game_over = False

# 方块类
class Block:
    def __init__(self, shape, color):
        self.shape = shape
        self.color = color
        self.x = 4
        self.y = 0

    # 方块移动
    def move(self, dx, dy):
        self.x += dx
        self.y += dy

    # 方块旋转
    def rotate(self):
        rotated_shape = []
        for x, y in self.shape:
            rotated_shape.append((y, -x))
        self.shape = rotated_shape

    # 方块绘制
    def draw(self):
        for x, y in self.shape:
            pygame.draw.rect(game_display, self.color, (game_x + (self.x + x) * block_size, game_y + (self.y + y) * block_size, block_size, block_size))

    # 方块移动检测
    def can_move(self, dx, dy, board):
        for x, y in self.shape:
            new_x = self.x + x + dx
            new_y = self.y + y + dy
            if new_x < 0 or new_x >= 10 or new_y >= 20 or board[new_x][new_y]:
                return False
        return True

    # 方块落下
    def drop(self, board):
        while self.can_move(0, 1, board):
            self.y += 1

# 随机生成方块
def new_block():
    shapes = [i_block, j_block, l_block, o_block, s_block, t_block, z_block]
    shape = random.choice(shapes)
    color = random.choice(block_colors)
    return Block(shape, color)

# 初始化游戏区域
def init_board():
    return [[False for y in range(20)] for x in range(10)]

# 绘制游戏区域
def draw_board(board):
    for x in range(10):
        for y in range(20):
            if board[x][y]:
                pygame.draw.rect(game_display, board[x][y], (game_x + x * block_size, game_y + y * block_size, block_size, block_size), 0)
            else:
                pygame.draw.rect(game_display, white, (game_x + x * block_size, game_y + y * block_size, block_size, block_size), 1)

# 消除行
def clear_rows(board):
    rows_cleared = 0
    y = 19
    while y >= 0:
        if all(board[x][y] for x in range(10)):
            rows_cleared += 1
            for y2 in range(y, 0, -1):
                for x in range(10):
                    board[x][y2] = board[x][y2-1]
            for x in range(10):
                board[x][0] = False
        else:
            y -= 1
    return rows_cleared

# 绘制得分
def draw_score(score):
    text = font.render('Score: ' + str(score), True, black)
    game_display.blit(text, (game_x, game_y - 30))

# 游戏主循环
def game_loop():
    global game_over

    # 初始化游戏区域和方块
    board = init_board()
    block = new_block()

    # 游戏得分
    score = 0

    while not game_over:
        # 处理事件
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                game_over = True
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and block.can_move(-1, 0, board):
                    block.move(-1, 0)
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and block.can_move(1, 0, board):
                    block.move(1, 0)
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and block.can_move(0, 1, board):
                    block.move(0, 1)
                elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    block.rotate()
                elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                    block.drop(board)

        # 方块下落
        if block.can_move(0, 1, board):
            block.move(0, 1)
        else:
            # 方块落到底部，加入游戏区域
            for x, y in block.shape:
                board[block.x + x][block.y + y] = block.color

            # 消除满行
            rows_cleared = clear_rows(board)
            score += rows_cleared * 10

            # 生成新方块
            block = new_block()

            # 判断游戏是否结束
            if not block.can_move(0, 0, board):
                game_over = True

        # 绘制游戏界面
        game_display.fill(white)
        draw_board(board)
        block.draw()
        draw_score(score)
        pygame.display.update()

    # 游戏结束，显示得分
    game_display.fill(white)
    text = font.render('Game Over! Score: ' + str(score), True, black)
    game_display.blit(text, (game_x, game_y))
    pygame.display.update()

    # 等待退出
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                quit()

# 运行游戏
game_loop()

这个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏中，使用了pygame库进行图形绘制和事件处理。游戏的主循环中，不断处理用户输入和方块下落，同时判断游戏是否结束。当游戏结束时，显示得分并等待用户退出游戏。