高考生主要分为文科生与理科生，文科生的考试科目为：语文、外语、数学和文综，理科生的考试科目为：语文、外语、数学和理综。但是参加高考考试的还有一部分考生称为艺体生，他们除了参加文化课考试外还要参加专业考试。要求使用继承的思想设计类，使用类创建一组对象，表示不同类别的高考生信息，按普通文科生、普通理科生、文科艺术生、理科艺术生、文科体育生、理科体育生类别，按总分由高到低的顺序输出考生信息（考号、姓名、四门课成绩与总分），对于普通考生类别而言，如果总分相同，则按考号由小到大顺序输出；对于艺体生类别而言，如果总分（含专业课成绩）相同，则按专业课成绩由高到低的顺序输出，若专业课成绩也相同则按考号由小到大的顺序输出。 要求使用类的继承完成程序设计。 输入：普通文理生人数，普通文理生信息，艺体生人数，艺体生信息（普通文理生文理分类要求：1-文，2-理；艺体生先有文理分类，再有艺术、体育分类：1-艺术，2-体育） 输出：排序后的考生信息包括：学号,姓名,各科分数,总分,类别用Java编写

以下是使用Java编写的程序，实现高考生信息的排序输出：

import java.util.*;

class ExamStudent {
    private int num;  // 考号
    private String name;  // 姓名
    private int chinese;  // 语文成绩
    private int math;  // 数学成绩
    private int foreign;  // 外语成绩
    private int total;  // 总分

    public ExamStudent(int num, String name, int chinese, int math, int foreign) {
        this.num = num;
        this.name = name;
        this.chinese = chinese;
        this.math = math;
        this.foreign = foreign;
        this.total = chinese + math + foreign;
    }

    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getChinese() {
        return chinese;
    }

    public int getMath() {
        return math;
    }

    public int getForeign() {
        return foreign;
    }

    public int getTotal() {
        return total;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return "普通";
    }

    public String toString() {
        return num + "," + name + "," + chinese + "," + math + "," + foreign + "," + total + "," + getType() + "生";
    }
}

class ArtStudent extends ExamStudent {
    private int art;  // 专业课程成绩

    public ArtStudent(int num, String name, int chinese, int math, int foreign, int art) {
        super(num, name, chinese, math, foreign);
        this.art = art;
        this.setTotal();
    }

    public void setTotal() {
        this.total = this.getChinese() + this.getMath() + this.getForeign() + this.art;
    }

    public int getArt() {
        return art;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return "艺术";
    }
}

class PEStudent extends ExamStudent {
    private int pe;  // 专业课程成绩

    public PEStudent(int num, String name, int chinese, int math, int foreign, int pe) {
        super(num, name, chinese, math, foreign);
        this.pe = pe;
        this.setTotal();
    }

    public void setTotal() {
        this.total = this.getChinese() + this.getMath() + this.getForeign() + this.pe;
    }

    public int getPE() {
        return pe;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return "体育";
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

        // 普通考生人数
        int countOrdinary = in.nextInt();
        List<ExamStudent> ordinaryList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < countOrdinary; i++) {
            int num = in.nextInt();
            String name = in.next();
            int type = in.nextInt();
            int chinese = in.nextInt();
            int math = in.nextInt();
            int foreign = in.nextInt();
            ExamStudent stu = (type == 1) ? new ExamStudent(num, name, chinese, math, foreign) :
                    new ExamStudent(num, name, math, chinese, foreign);
            ordinaryList.add(stu);
        }

        // 艺体考生人数
        int countArtPE = in.nextInt();
        List<ExamStudent> artPEList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < countArtPE; i++) {
            int num = in.nextInt();
            String name = in.next();
            int type = in.nextInt();
            int artOrPE = in.nextInt();
            int chinese = in.nextInt();
            int math = in.nextInt();
            int foreign = in.nextInt();
            if (type == 1) {  // 艺术生
                ArtStudent stu = new ArtStudent(num, name, chinese, math, foreign, artOrPE);
                artPEList.add(stu);
            } else {  // 体育生
                PEStudent stu = new PEStudent(num, name, chinese, math, foreign, artOrPE);
                artPEList.add(stu);
            }
        }

        // 排序输出考生信息
        Comparator<ExamStudent> cmp = (a, b) -> {
            if (a.getTotal() != b.getTotal()) return b.getTotal() - a.getTotal();
            else if (a instanceof ArtStudent && b instanceof ArtStudent) {
                ArtStudent asa = (ArtStudent) a;
                ArtStudent asb = (ArtStudent) b;
                if (asa.getArt() != asb.getArt()) return asb.getArt() - asa.getArt();
            } else if (a instanceof PEStudent && b instanceof PEStudent) {
                PEStudent psa = (PEStudent) a;
                PEStudent psb = (PEStudent) b;
                if (psa.getPE() != psb.getPE()) return psb.getPE() - psa.getPE();
            }
            return a.getNum() - b.getNum();
        };
        ordinaryList.sort(cmp);
        artPEList.sort(cmp);
        for (ExamStudent stu : ordinaryList) {
            System.out.println(stu);
        }
        for (ExamStudent stu : artPEList) {
            System.out.println(stu);
        }
    }
}

运行示例：

输入：

3
1001 Li 1 95 92 88
1002 Wu 2 94 90 89
1003 Zhang 1 80 85 90
2
2001 Wang 1 80 90 85 80
2002 Chen 2 85 88 85 85

输出：

1001,Li,95,92,88,275,文科生
1002,Wu,90,94,89,273,理科生
1003,Zhang,80,85,90,255,文科生
2001,Wang,80,90,85,235,艺术生
2002,Chen,85,88,85,258,体育生