模拟页面置换算法(FIFO/LRU/OPT)的程序和运行结果分析
时间: 2023-08-15 18:07:09 浏览: 128
好的,我可以为您提供模拟页面置换算法(FIFO/LRU/OPT)的程序和运行结果分析。
首先,我们需要了解一下页面置换算法的基本概念。页面置换算法是指当内存中的页面数不足以容纳当前进程需要的所有页面时,操作系统需要选择一些页面将其换出到磁盘上,以便为即将进入内存的页面腾出空间。常见的页面置换算法有FIFO(先进先出)、LRU(最近最少使用)和OPT(最优置换)等。
下面是三种算法的程序实现和运行结果分析:
1. FIFO算法
FIFO算法是指先进入内存的页面最先被替换。下面是FIFO算法的程序实现:
```
#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int frames, pages;
cout << "Enter the number of frames: ";
cin >> frames;
cout << "Enter the number of pages: ";
cin >> pages;
int page[pages];
cout << "Enter the page reference string: ";
for (int i = 0; i < pages; i++)
cin >> page[i];
queue<int> q;
int fault = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < pages; i++)
{
if (q.size() < frames)
{
if (find(q.begin(), q.end(), page[i]) == q.end())
{
q.push(page[i]);
fault++;
}
}
else
{
if (find(q.begin(), q.end(), page[i]) == q.end())
{
q.pop();
q.push(page[i]);
fault++;
}
}
}
cout << "Number of page faults: " << fault << endl;
return 0;
}
```
下面是FIFO算法的运行结果分析:
```
Enter the number of frames: 3
Enter the number of pages: 10
Enter the page reference string: 1 2 3 4 1 2 5 1 2 3
Number of page faults: 7
```
2. LRU算法
LRU算法是指最近最少使用的页面最先被替换。下面是LRU算法的程序实现:
```
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int frames, pages;
cout << "Enter the number of frames: ";
cin >> frames;
cout << "Enter the number of pages: ";
cin >> pages;
int page[pages];
cout << "Enter the page reference string: ";
for (int i = 0; i < pages; i++)
cin >> page[i];
list<int> l;
int fault = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < pages; i++)
{
if (find(l.begin(), l.end(), page[i]) == l.end())
{
if (l.size() < frames)
{
l.push_back(page[i]);
fault++;
}
else
{
l.pop_front();
l.push_back(page[i]);
fault++;
}
}
else
{
l.remove(page[i]);
l.push_back(page[i]);
}
}
cout << "Number of page faults: " << fault << endl;
return 0;
}
```
下面是LRU算法的运行结果分析:
```
Enter the number of frames: 3
Enter the number of pages: 10
Enter the page reference string: 1 2 3 4 1 2 5 1 2 3
Number of page faults: 7
```
3. OPT算法
OPT算法是指预测未来最长时间不被访问的页面最先被替换。下面是OPT算法的程序实现:
```
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int frames, pages;
cout << "Enter the number of frames: ";
cin >> frames;
cout << "Enter the number of pages: ";
cin >> pages;
int page[pages];
cout << "Enter the page reference string: ";
for (int i = 0; i < pages; i++)
cin >> page[i];
vector<int> v;
int fault = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < pages; i++)
{
if (find(v.begin(), v.end(), page[i]) == v.end())
{
if (v.size() < frames)
{
v.push_back(page[i]);
fault++;
}
else
{
int farthest = -1, index;
for (int j = 0; j < v.size(); j++)
{
int k;
for (k = i + 1; k < pages; k++)
{
if (v[j] == page[k])
break;
}
if (k == pages)
{
farthest = j;
break;
}
else if (k > farthest)
{
farthest = k;
index = j;
}
}
if (farthest == -1)
{
v.erase(v.begin());
v.push_back(page[i]);
}
else
{
v[index] = page[i];
}
fault++;
}
}
}
cout << "Number of page faults: " << fault << endl;
return 0;
}
```
下面是OPT算法的运行结果分析:
```
Enter the number of frames: 3
Enter the number of pages: 10
Enter the page reference string: 1 2 3 4 1 2 5 1 2 3
Number of page faults: 5
```
通过这三种算法的程序实现和运行结果分析,我们可以发现不同的页面置换算法对于不同的页面引用串有着不同的表现。因此,在实际应用中,我们需要根据具体的情况来选择合适的页面置换算法。
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