用整型数组表示10进制大整数(超过2^32的整数),数组的每个元素存储大整数的一位数字,实现大整数的加减法。
时间: 2024-01-22 13:21:28 浏览: 32
以下是用C++实现的示例代码:
```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 100005; // 数组最大长度
const int BASE = 10; // 进制数
struct BigNum {
int len, s[MAXN];
BigNum() { memset(s, 0, sizeof(s)); len = 1; }
BigNum(const int& num) { *this = num; }
BigNum(const char* num) { *this = num; }
BigNum operator = (const int& num) {
char s[MAXN];
sprintf(s, "%d", num);
*this = s;
return *this;
}
BigNum operator = (const char* num) {
memset(s, 0, sizeof(s));
len = strlen(num);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) s[i] = num[len - 1 - i] - '0';
return *this;
}
BigNum operator + (const BigNum& b) const {
BigNum c; c.len = 0;
for (int i = 0, g = 0; g || i < max(len, b.len); i++) {
int x = g;
if (i < len) x += s[i];
if (i < b.len) x += b.s[i];
c.s[c.len++] = x % BASE;
g = x / BASE;
}
return c;
}
BigNum operator - (const BigNum& b) const {
BigNum c; c.len = 0;
for (int i = 0, g = 0; i < len; i++) {
int x = s[i] - g;
if (i < b.len) x -= b.s[i];
if (x >= 0) g = 0;
else {
g = 1; x += BASE;
}
c.s[c.len++] = x;
}
while (c.len > 1 && c.s[c.len - 1] == 0) c.len--;
return c;
}
bool operator < (const BigNum& b) const {
if (len != b.len) return len < b.len;
for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
if (s[i] != b.s[i]) return s[i] < b.s[i];
return false;
}
bool operator > (const BigNum& b) const { return b < *this; }
bool operator <= (const BigNum& b) const { return !(b < *this); }
bool operator >= (const BigNum& b) const { return !(*this < b); }
bool operator != (const BigNum& b) const { return b < *this || *this < b; }
bool operator == (const BigNum& b) const { return !(b < *this) && !(*this < b); }
void print() {
for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) printf("%d", s[i]);
}
};
int main() {
BigNum a = "12345678901234567890";
BigNum b = "98765432109876543210";
BigNum c = a + b;
c.print();
cout << endl;
c = a - b;
c.print();
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
```
在这个示例中,我们用结构体 `BigNum` 表示大整数。它包含两个成员变量:`len` 表示该大整数的位数,`s` 数组存储大整数的每一位数字。我们还重载了加减运算符和比较运算符。
在主函数中,我们定义了两个大整数 `a` 和 `b`,然后进行加减法运算,并将结果输出。你可以根据需要修改输入和输出的格式。
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