scrapy 框架怎么持久化存储,代码
时间: 2024-05-04 08:19:21 浏览: 91
Scrapy框架提供了多种持久化存储方式,包括输出到文件、存储到数据库等。下面给出几种常见的持久化存储方式及对应的代码:
1. 输出到文件
可以使用Scrapy框架提供的File Pipeline将数据输出到文件中。在settings.py文件中配置如下:
```python
# 将数据输出到json文件中
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'scrapy.pipelines.files.FilesPipeline': 1
}
FILES_STORE = '/path/to/your/files/store'
```
在Spider中定义要输出的Item:
```python
class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'myspider'
def parse(self, response):
item = MyItem()
# 填充Item字段
yield item
```
2. 存储到数据库
可以使用Scrapy框架提供的Item Pipeline将数据存储到数据库中。在settings.py文件中配置如下:
```python
# 存储到MySQL数据库中
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'myproject.pipelines.MySQLPipeline': 300
}
MYSQL_HOST = 'localhost'
MYSQL_PORT = 3306
MYSQL_USER = 'root'
MYSQL_PASSWORD = 'password'
MYSQL_DBNAME = 'mydatabase'
```
在Pipeline中实现存储逻辑:
```python
import pymysql
class MySQLPipeline(object):
def __init__(self, host, port, user, password, dbname):
self.host = host
self.port = port
self.user = user
self.password = password
self.dbname = dbname
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
return cls(
host=crawler.settings.get('MYSQL_HOST'),
port=crawler.settings.get('MYSQL_PORT'),
user=crawler.settings.get('MYSQL_USER'),
password=crawler.settings.get('MYSQL_PASSWORD'),
dbname=crawler.settings.get('MYSQL_DBNAME')
)
def open_spider(self, spider):
self.conn = pymysql.connect(
host=self.host,
port=self.port,
user=self.user,
password=self.password,
db=self.dbname,
charset='utf8mb4'
)
self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
def close_spider(self, spider):
self.conn.close()
def process_item(self, item, spider):
# 存储逻辑
sql = "INSERT INTO mytable (field1, field2) VALUES (%s, %s)"
params = (item['field1'], item['field2'])
self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
self.conn.commit()
return item
```
以上是两种常见的持久化存储方式,具体实现方式可以根据自己的需求进行修改。
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