MOV, MP4格式中封装MJPEG图片的参考代码

以下是使用FFmpeg库将MJPEG格式的图片封装到MOV或MP4文件中的示例代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int ret;
    AVFormatContext *format_ctx = NULL;
    AVStream *video_stream = NULL;
    AVCodecContext *codec_ctx = NULL;
    AVCodec *codec = NULL;
    AVPacket pkt;
    AVFrame *frame = NULL;
    int width = 640, height = 480;
    int fps = 30;
    int bitrate = 4000000;
    char *filename = "test.mov";
    char *image_filename = "image.jpg";

    // Initialize FFmpeg
    av_register_all();
    avcodec_register_all();

    // Open output format context
    ret = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&format_ctx, NULL, NULL, filename);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate output format context: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }

    // Open video codec
    codec = avcodec_find_encoder(format_ctx->oformat->video_codec);
    if (!codec) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to find video encoder\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    video_stream = avformat_new_stream(format_ctx, NULL);
    codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
    codec_ctx->codec_id = format_ctx->oformat->video_codec;
    codec_ctx->width = width;
    codec_ctx->height = height;
    codec_ctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
    codec_ctx->time_base = (AVRational){1, fps};
    codec_ctx->bit_rate = bitrate;
    if (format_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER) {
        codec_ctx->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
    }
    ret = avcodec_open2(codec_ctx, codec, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open video codec: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }
    avcodec_parameters_from_context(video_stream->codecpar, codec_ctx);

    // Open output file
    ret = avio_open(&format_ctx->pb, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open output file: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }

    // Write header
    ret = avformat_write_header(format_ctx, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write header: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }

    // Encode MJPEG image
    frame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (!frame) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate frame\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    frame->width = width;
    frame->height = height;
    frame->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
    ret = av_frame_get_buffer(frame, 32);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate frame buffer: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }
    AVCodecContext *image_codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG));
    AVStream *image_stream = avformat_new_stream(format_ctx, NULL);
    image_stream->id = format_ctx->nb_streams - 1;
    avcodec_parameters_from_context(image_stream->codecpar, image_codec_ctx);
    avcodec_open2(image_codec_ctx, avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG), NULL);
    AVFrame *image_frame = av_frame_alloc();
    av_image_fill_arrays(image_frame->data, image_frame->linesize, NULL, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ420P, width, height, 1);
    AVPacket image_pkt;
    av_init_packet(&image_pkt);
    ret = avcodec_decode_video2(image_codec_ctx, image_frame, NULL, &image_pkt);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to decode image: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }
    avcodec_free_context(&image_codec_ctx);
    av_packet_unref(&image_pkt);

    // Encode video frames
    for (int i = 0; i < fps; i++) {
        // Convert MJPEG image to YUV420P format
        struct SwsContext *sws_ctx = sws_getContext(width, height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ420P, width, height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, SWS_BICUBIC, NULL, NULL, NULL);
        sws_scale(sws_ctx, image_frame->data, image_frame->linesize, 0, height, frame->data, frame->linesize);
        sws_freeContext(sws_ctx);

        // Encode video frame
        frame->pts = i * (codec_ctx->time_base.den / codec_ctx->time_base.num) / fps;
        ret = avcodec_send_frame(codec_ctx, frame);
        if (ret < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to send frame: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
            exit(1);
        }
        while (ret >= 0) {
            ret = avcodec_receive_packet(codec_ctx, &pkt);
            if (ret < 0) {
                break;
            }
            av_packet_rescale_ts(&pkt, codec_ctx->time_base, video_stream->time_base);
            pkt.stream_index = video_stream->index;
            ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(format_ctx, &pkt);
            av_packet_unref(&pkt);
            if (ret < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write packet: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
                exit(1);
            }
        }
    }

    // Write trailer
    ret = av_write_trailer(format_ctx);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write trailer: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }

    // Cleanup
    av_frame_free(&frame);
    av_frame_free(&image_frame);
    avcodec_free_context(&codec_ctx);
    avformat_free_context(format_ctx);

    return 0;
}

这个示例程序将一个名为`image.jpg`的MJPEG格式的图片封装到一个名为`test.mov`的MOV文件中。你可以根据需要修改代码中的参数，例如视频的分辨率、帧率和码率。注意，这个程序只是一个示例，实际使用时需要根据具体情况进行调整。