单片机的P0口接了8个发光二极管,单片机外接12MHz的晶振;要求使用定时器T1,中断实现D1D2--D3D4-...-D7D8规律的流水灯操作,流水频率为每0.5秒钟更替一次。
时间: 2024-05-10 13:20:42 浏览: 143
首先,需要配置定时器T1,使其每0.5秒产生一次中断。由于单片机外接12MHz晶振,因此计算得到T1的重载值为:
$$
T_{1\_RL} = \frac{1}{12MHz} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{12} \times 2^{16} = 1280
$$
其中,$\frac{1}{12MHz}$是晶振的周期,$\frac{1}{2}$是流水灯的周期,$\frac{1}{12}$是每个灯亮的时间占比,$2^{16}$是T1定时器的计数上限。
接下来,需要在T1的中断服务函数中实现流水灯的操作。由于流水灯的规律比较简单,可以直接使用一个计数器变量来控制灯的亮灭顺序。具体实现代码如下:
```c
#include <reg52.h>
typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
typedef unsigned int uint16_t;
sbit LED_D1 = P0^0;
sbit LED_D2 = P0^1;
sbit LED_D3 = P0^2;
sbit LED_D4 = P0^3;
sbit LED_D5 = P0^4;
sbit LED_D6 = P0^5;
sbit LED_D7 = P0^6;
sbit LED_D8 = P0^7;
volatile uint16_t T1_count = 0;
volatile uint8_t LED_index = 0;
void T1_ISR() interrupt 3
{
T1_count++;
if (T1_count >= 1280) // 0.5秒中断一次
{
T1_count = 0;
LED_index = (LED_index + 1) % 8; // 计数器自增
switch (LED_index) // 根据计数器值控制灯的亮灭
{
case 0: LED_D1 = 1; LED_D2 = 0; LED_D3 = 0; LED_D4 = 0; LED_D5 = 0; LED_D6 = 0; LED_D7 = 0; LED_D8 = 0; break;
case 1: LED_D1 = 0; LED_D2 = 1; LED_D3 = 0; LED_D4 = 0; LED_D5 = 0; LED_D6 = 0; LED_D7 = 0; LED_D8 = 0; break;
case 2: LED_D1 = 0; LED_D2 = 0; LED_D3 = 1; LED_D4 = 0; LED_D5 = 0; LED_D6 = 0; LED_D7 = 0; LED_D8 = 0; break;
case 3: LED_D1 = 0; LED_D2 = 0; LED_D3 = 0; LED_D4 = 1; LED_D5 = 0; LED_D6 = 0; LED_D7 = 0; LED_D8 = 0; break;
case 4: LED_D1 = 0; LED_D2 = 0; LED_D3 = 0; LED_D4 = 0; LED_D5 = 1; LED_D6 = 0; LED_D7 = 0; LED_D8 = 0; break;
case 5: LED_D1 = 0; LED_D2 = 0; LED_D3 = 0; LED_D4 = 0; LED_D5 = 0; LED_D6 = 1; LED_D7 = 0; LED_D8 = 0; break;
case 6: LED_D1 = 0; LED_D2 = 0; LED_D3 = 0; LED_D4 = 0; LED_D5 = 0; LED_D6 = 0; LED_D7 = 1; LED_D8 = 0; break;
case 7: LED_D1 = 0; LED_D2 = 0; LED_D3 = 0; LED_D4 = 0; LED_D5 = 0; LED_D6 = 0; LED_D7 = 0; LED_D8 = 1; break;
}
}
}
void main()
{
TMOD = 0x10; // T1工作在模式1,16位定时器模式
TH1 = 0x04; // T1重载值高字节
TL1 = 0xC0; // T1重载值低字节
EA = 1; // 开启总中断
ET1 = 1; // 开启T1中断
TR1 = 1; // 启动T1
while (1); // 程序死循环
}
```
其中,使用了一个计数器变量`LED_index`来控制灯的亮灭顺序,每次中断服务函数执行时,计数器自增1,然后根据计数器值控制灯的亮灭。当计数器值达到8时,需要将其重置为0。
在`main()`函数中,首先配置了T1定时器的重载值和模式,然后开启了总中断和T1中断,并启动了T1定时器。程序最后进入死循环,等待中断服务函数执行。
阅读全文