基于栈实现广度优先搜索c语言

广度优先搜索(BFS)是一种基于队列的搜索算法，而不是基于栈。但是，如果你想要用栈实现BFS，可以使用迭代深化搜索(IDS)算法，它是一种基于栈的搜索算法。

以下是在C语言中使用栈实现IDS的示例代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define MAX_DEPTH 100

int visited[100] = {0};

// 栈结构体
struct Stack {
    int data[MAX_DEPTH];
    int top;
};

// 创建栈
struct Stack* createStack() {
    struct Stack* stack = (struct Stack*) malloc(sizeof(struct Stack));
    stack->top = -1;
    return stack;
}

// 判断栈是否为空
int isEmpty(struct Stack* stack) {
    return stack->top == -1;
}

// 入栈
void push(struct Stack* stack, int item) {
    stack->data[++stack->top] = item;
}

// 出栈
int pop(struct Stack* stack) {
    if (isEmpty(stack)) {
        printf("Stack is empty\n");
        return -1;
    }
    return stack->data[stack->top--];
}

// 栈顶元素
int peek(struct Stack* stack) {
    if (isEmpty(stack)) {
        printf("Stack is empty\n");
        return -1;
    }
    return stack->data[stack->top];
}

// IDS搜索算法
int IDS(int graph[][100], int start, int end) {
    int depth = 0;
    int i, j;
    struct Stack* stack = createStack();

    while (depth < MAX_DEPTH) {
        int visitedNodes[100] = {0};
        push(stack, start);
        visited[start] = 1;
        visitedNodes[start] = 1;

        while (!isEmpty(stack)) {
            int node = pop(stack);
            if (node == end) {
                return 1;
            }
            for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                if (graph[node][i] == 1 && visited[i] == 0 && visitedNodes[i] == 0) {
                    push(stack, i);
                    visited[i] = 1;
                    visitedNodes[i] = 1;
                }
            }
        }

        depth++;
    }

    return 0;
}

int main() {
    int graph[100][100] = {0};
    int start, end, i, j, n;

    printf("Enter the number of nodes: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    printf("Enter the graph in adjacency matrix form:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            scanf("%d", &graph[i][j]);
        }
    }

    printf("Enter the start node: ");
    scanf("%d", &start);

    printf("Enter the end node: ");
    scanf("%d", &end);

    if (IDS(graph, start, end)) {
        printf("Path exists between %d and %d\n", start, end);
    } else {
        printf("No path exists between %d and %d\n", start, end);
    }

    return 0;
}

注意：这里的代码只是用栈实现了IDS搜索算法，并不是BFS算法。如果你想要使用BFS算法，请使用队列来实现。