生产者和消费者进程的同步与互斥 c语言代码

对于您的问题，我可以给出以下的同步与互斥 c语言代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>

int buffer = 0;

pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t cond_prod = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t cond_cons = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;

void *producer(void *arg) {
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
while(buffer != 0) {
pthread_cond_wait(&cond_prod, &mutex);
}
buffer = 1;
printf("Producer produced %d\n", buffer);
pthread_cond_signal(&cond_cons);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
}

void *consumer(void *arg) {
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
while(buffer == 0) {
pthread_cond_wait(&cond_cons, &mutex);
}
buffer = 0;
printf("Consumer consumed %d\n", buffer);
pthread_cond_signal(&cond_prod);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
}

int main() {
pthread_t prod_thread, cons_thread;
pthread_create(&prod_thread, NULL, producer, NULL);
pthread_create(&cons_thread, NULL, consumer, NULL);

pthread_join(prod_thread, NULL);
pthread_join(cons_thread, NULL);

return 0;
}

以上代码中，使用了互斥锁 pthread_mutex_t和条件变量pthread_cond_t，生产者和消费者在互相等待对方完成任务的情况下，通过条件变量的信号发送与等待调用，完成同步和互斥的功能。