使用fork()函数创建一个子进程,子进程的任务由另外一个文件指定,试模拟父子进程所有可能的运行结果。
时间: 2024-05-07 18:18:54 浏览: 19
以下是一个示例代码,可以模拟父子进程所有可能的运行结果:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
int main() {
pid_t pid;
int status;
pid = fork();
if (pid < 0) {
printf("Fork failed.\n");
exit(1);
} else if (pid == 0) {
// 子进程
printf("This is the child process.\n");
printf("The child process ID is %d.\n", getpid());
execlp("ls", "ls", NULL); // 执行 ls 命令
} else {
// 父进程
printf("This is the parent process.\n");
printf("The parent process ID is %d.\n", getpid());
wait(&status); // 等待子进程结束
if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
printf("Child process exited with status %d.\n", WEXITSTATUS(status));
} else {
printf("Child process exited abnormally.\n");
}
}
return 0;
}
```
该程序使用 `fork()` 函数创建一个子进程,子进程的任务是执行 `ls` 命令。父进程等待子进程结束,并打印出子进程的退出状态。
运行该程序,可以得到以下可能的输出结果:
1. 子进程先执行,父进程后执行:
```
This is the child process.
The child process ID is 1234.
file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt
Child process exited with status 0.
This is the parent process.
The parent process ID is 1233.
```
2. 父进程先执行,子进程后执行:
```
This is the parent process.
The parent process ID is 1233.
This is the child process.
The child process ID is 1234.
file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt
Child process exited with status 0.
```
3. 子进程执行失败:
```
This is the child process.
The child process ID is 1234.
ls: cannot access 'nonexistent_file': No such file or directory
Child process exited with status 2.
This is the parent process.
The parent process ID is 1233.
```
4. 父进程等待子进程时出错:
```
This is the child process.
The child process ID is 1234.
ls: cannot access 'nonexistent_file': No such file or directory
```
以上就是一个简单的模拟父子进程所有可能的运行结果的示例代码。
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