C语言 Excel.Application 如何关闭Excel表格

如果你想通过C语言关闭Excel表格，可以使用以下代码：

#include <windows.h> 

int main() 
{ 
    // 获取Excel进程句柄
    HWND hwnd = FindWindowA("XLMAIN", NULL);

    // 发送关闭消息
    SendMessageTimeout(hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_CLOSE, 0, SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 2000, NULL);

    return 0; 
}

该代码使用了Windows API的FindWindowA函数来获取Excel进程句柄，然后使用SendMessageTimeout函数向Excel进程发送关闭消息。请注意，这个方法假定只有一个Excel进程正在运行，否则可能会关闭错误的Excel表格。

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C语言 Win32API 读取Ecxel表格实例 Excel.Application源码

以下是使用 C 语言 Win32API 实现读取 Excel 表格的示例代码：

#include <windows.h>
#include <ole2.h> // 需要引入 OLE2 库
#include <olectl.h>
#include <ocidl.h>

int main()
{
    // 初始化 COM 库
    CoInitialize(NULL);

    // 创建 Excel 应用程序实例
    CLSID clsid;
    CLSIDFromProgID(L"Excel.Application", &clsid);
    IDispatch* pExcel = NULL;
    CoCreateInstance(clsid, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IDispatch, (void **)&pExcel);

    // 打开 Excel 文件
    VARIANT vtFilename;
    vtFilename.vt = VT_BSTR;
    vtFilename.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"C:\\test.xlsx");
    VARIANT vtReadOnly;
    vtReadOnly.vt = VT_BOOL;
    vtReadOnly.boolVal = TRUE;
    VARIANT vtMissing;
    vtMissing.vt = VT_ERROR;
    vtMissing.scode = DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND;
    VARIANT vtWorkbooks;
    DISPID dispid;
    DISPPARAMS dispparams = {&vtFilename, &vtMissing, &vtReadOnly, NULL};
    pExcel->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, L"Workbooks", 1, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, &dispid);
    pExcel->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispparams, &vtWorkbooks, NULL, NULL);

    // 获取活动工作簿
    VARIANT vtActiveWorkbook;
    dispid = 0x0000003D; // ActiveWorkbook 的 DISPID
    dispparams.cArgs = 0;
    dispparams.cNamedArgs = 0;
    pExcel->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispparams, &vtActiveWorkbook, NULL, NULL);

    // 获取活动工作表
    VARIANT vtActiveSheet;
    dispid = 0x0000002B; // ActiveSheet 的 DISPID
    dispparams.cArgs = 0;
    dispparams.cNamedArgs = 0;
    vtActiveSheet.vt = VT_DISPATCH;
    vtActiveSheet.pdispVal = NULL;
    pExcel->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispparams, &vtActiveSheet, NULL, NULL);

    // 获取活动工作表的名称
    VARIANT vtName;
    dispid = 0x00000006; // Name 的 DISPID
    dispparams.cArgs = 0;
    dispparams.cNamedArgs = 0;
    pActiveSheet->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispparams, &vtName, NULL, NULL);
    wprintf(L"Active worksheet name: %s\n", vtName.bstrVal);

    // 获取行数和列数
    VARIANT vtRows;
    VARIANT vtColumns;
    dispparams.cArgs = 1;
    dispparams.cNamedArgs = 1;
    DISPID dispidRows;
    DISPID dispidColumns;
    BSTR bstrRows = SysAllocString(L"Rows");
    BSTR bstrColumns = SysAllocString(L"Columns");
    pActiveSheet->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, &bstrRows, 1, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, &dispidRows);
    pActiveSheet->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, &bstrColumns, 1, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, &dispidColumns);
    dispparams.cArgs = 0;
    dispparams.cNamedArgs = 0;
    pActiveSheet->Invoke(dispidRows, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispparams, &vtRows, NULL, NULL);
    pActiveSheet->Invoke(dispidColumns, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispparams, &vtColumns, NULL, NULL);
    wprintf(L"Number of rows: %d\n", vtRows.lVal);
    wprintf(L"Number of columns: %d\n", vtColumns.lVal);

    // 读取单元格内容
    VARIANT vtCellValue;
    dispid = 0x00000000; // Item 的 DISPID
    dispparams.cArgs = 2;
    dispparams.cNamedArgs = 0;
    VARIANT vtRow;
    vtRow.vt = VT_I4;
    vtRow.lVal = 1;
    VARIANT vtColumn;
    vtColumn.vt = VT_I4;
    vtColumn.lVal = 1;
    dispparams.rgvarg = &vtColumn;
    dispparams.rgvarg[1] = &vtRow;
    pActiveSheet->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispparams, &vtCellValue, NULL, NULL);
    wprintf(L"Cell value at (1, 1): %s\n", vtCellValue.bstrVal);

    // 释放资源
    VariantClear(&vtFilename);
    VariantClear(&vtReadOnly);
    VariantClear(&vtMissing);
    VariantClear(&vtWorkbooks);
    VariantClear(&vtActiveWorkbook);
    VariantClear(&vtActiveSheet);
    VariantClear(&vtName);
    VariantClear(&vtRows);
    VariantClear(&vtColumns);
    VariantClear(&vtCellValue);
    SysFreeString(vtName.bstrVal);
    SysFreeString(bstrRows);
    SysFreeString(bstrColumns);
    pActiveSheet->Release();
    pActiveWorkbook->Release();
    pWorkbooks->Release();
    pExcel->Release();

    // 反初始化 COM 库
    CoUninitialize();

    return 0;
}

注意：运行此代码需要在编译选项中添加 OLE2 库的链接。

C语言 GetIDsOfNames 如何关闭Excel表格 实例

如果你想使用GetIDsOfNames函数关闭Excel表格，可以使用以下示例代码：

#include <windows.h>
#include <ole2.h>

int main()
{
    // 初始化OLE库
    CoInitialize(NULL);

    // 创建Excel应用程序对象
    IDispatch* pExcelApp;
    CLSID clsid;
    CLSIDFromProgID(L"Excel.Application", &clsid);
    HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(clsid, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IDispatch, (void**)&pExcelApp);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Failed to create Excel application object.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // 获取Workbooks集合对象
    DISPID dispid;
    hr = pExcelApp->GetIDsOfNames(L"Workbooks", 1, &dispid);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Failed to get Workbooks object.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    VARIANT result;
    DISPPARAMS params = { 0 };
    hr = pExcelApp->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &params, &result, NULL, NULL);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Failed to invoke Workbooks object.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // 获取Workbooks集合对象的Close函数
    IDispatch* pWorkbooks = result.pdispVal;
    hr = pWorkbooks->GetIDsOfNames(L"Close", 1, &dispid);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Failed to get Close function.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // 关闭Excel表格
    params.cArgs = 1;
    VARIANTARG args[1];
    args[0].vt = VT_BOOL;
    args[0].boolVal = VARIANT_TRUE;
    params.rgvarg = args;
    params.cNamedArgs = 0;
    params.rgdispidNamedArgs = NULL;
    hr = pWorkbooks->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_METHOD, &params, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Failed to close workbook.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // 释放对象
    pWorkbooks->Release();
    pExcelApp->Release();

    // 反初始化OLE库
    CoUninitialize();

    return 0;
}

该代码使用了OLE库的函数和COM接口，通过创建Excel应用程序对象和获取Workbooks集合对象来关闭Excel表格。请注意，该方法假定Excel应用程序已经启动并且至少有一个工作簿已经打开。