VB.NET连接多个数据库:跨平台数据访问,打破数据孤岛

发布时间: 2024-07-22 18:15:46 阅读量: 27 订阅数: 32
![VB.NET连接多个数据库:跨平台数据访问,打破数据孤岛](https://bbs-img.huaweicloud.com/blogs/img/20210803/1627978846595006721.png) # 1. VB.NET数据库连接基础** VB.NET提供了强大的数据库连接功能,使开发者能够与各种数据库进行交互。连接数据库的基础是使用`System.Data.SqlClient`命名空间中的`SqlConnection`类。`SqlConnection`类允许开发者指定连接字符串,其中包含数据库服务器、数据库名称、用户ID和密码等信息。 ```vb.net Dim connectionString As String = "Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=MyDatabase;User ID=sa;Password=mypassword" Dim connection As New SqlConnection(connectionString) ``` 一旦建立了连接,开发者就可以使用`SqlCommand`类执行查询和更新数据库。`SqlCommand`类允许开发者指定要执行的SQL语句,以及任何必要的参数。 ```vb.net Dim command As New SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM Customers", connection) Dim reader As SqlDataReader = command.ExecuteReader() While reader.Read() Console.WriteLine(reader("CustomerID").ToString() & " " & reader("CustomerName").ToString()) End While ``` # 2.1 ADO.NET数据提供程序 ### 2.1.1 SQL Server数据提供程序 SQL Server数据提供程序(System.Data.SqlClient)是连接SQL Server数据库的ADO.NET数据提供程序。它提供了一组用于与SQL Server数据库交互的类和接口。 **连接字符串:** ``` Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=MyDatabase;User ID=myUsername;Password=myPassword; ``` **参数说明:** - `Data Source`:SQL Server实例的名称或IP地址。 - `Initial Catalog`:要连接的数据库的名称。 - `User ID`:连接到数据库的用户名。 - `Password`:连接到数据库的密码。 **代码块:** ```csharp using System.Data.SqlClient; // 创建连接对象 using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { // 打开连接 connection.Open(); // 执行查询 SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM Customers", connection); SqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader(); // 读取结果 while (reader.Read()) { Console.WriteLine($"{reader["CustomerID"]} {reader["CompanyName"]}"); } // 关闭连接 connection.Close(); } ``` **逻辑分析:** 1. 创建一个`SqlConnection`对象并指定连接字符串。 2. 打开连接。 3. 创建一个`SqlCommand`对象并指定查询语句和连接对象。 4. 执行查询并获取一个`SqlDataReader`对象。 5. 循环读取结果并打印客户信息。 6. 关闭连接。 ### 2.1.2 MySQL数据提供程序 MySQL数据提供程序(MySql.Data.MySqlClient)是连接MySQL数据库的ADO.NET数据提供程序。它提供了一组用于与MySQL数据库交互的类和接口。 **连接字符串:** ``` Server=localhost;Database=MyDatabase;Uid=myUsername;Pwd=myPassword; ``` **参数说明:** - `Server`:MySQL实例的名称或IP地址。 - `Database`:要连接的数据库的名称。 - `Uid`:连接到数据库的用户名。 - `Pwd`:连接到数据库的密码。 **代码块:** ```csharp using MySql.Data.MySqlClient; // 创建连接对象 using (MySqlConnection connection = new MySqlConnection(connectionString)) { // 打开连接 connection.Open(); // 执行查询 MySqlCommand command = new MySqlCommand("SELECT * FROM Customers", connection); MySqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader(); // 读取结果 while (reader.Read()) { Console.WriteLine($"{reader["CustomerID"]} {reader["CompanyName"]}"); } // 关闭连接 connection.Close(); } ``` **逻辑分析:** 1. 创建一个`MySqlConnection`对象并指定连接字符串。 2. 打开连接。 3. 创建一个`MySqlCommand`对象并指定查询语句和连接对象。 4. 执行查询并获取一个`MySqlDataReader`对象。 5. 循环读取结果并打印客户信息。 6. 关闭连接。 ### 2.1.3 Oracle数据提供程序 Oracle数据提供程序(Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client)是连接Oracle数据库的ADO.NET数据提供程序。它提供了一组用于与Oracle数据库交互的类和接口。 **连接字符串:** ``` Data Source=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=MyServiceName)));User Id=myUsername;Password=myPassword; ``` **参数说明:** - `Data Source`:Oracle实例的名称或IP地址。 - `Service Name`:要连接的数据库的名称。 - `User Id`:连接到数据库的用户名。 - `Password`:连接到数据库的密码。 **代码块:** ```csharp using Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client; // 创建连接对象 using (OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString)) { // 打开连接 connection.Open(); // 执行查询 OracleCommand command = new OracleCommand("SELECT * FROM Customers", connection); OracleDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader(); // 读取结果 while (reader.Read()) { Console.WriteLine($"{reader[" ```
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LI_李波

资深数据库专家
北理工计算机硕士,曾在一家全球领先的互联网巨头公司担任数据库工程师,负责设计、优化和维护公司核心数据库系统,在大规模数据处理和数据库系统架构设计方面颇有造诣。
专栏简介
本专栏深入探讨了 VB.NET 与各种数据库的连接技术,涵盖了从 MySQL、Oracle 和 SQL Lite 到多数据库连接和最佳实践的广泛主题。文章深入浅出地介绍了数据库访问技巧,包括事务处理、并发控制、数据类型映射、异常处理、日志记录和异步编程。此外,专栏还提供了性能优化、安全增强、单元测试和设计模式方面的宝贵见解。通过这些全面且实用的指南,开发人员可以掌握 VB.NET 数据库连接的方方面面,从而构建稳定、高效且安全的数据库应用程序。

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