IEEE 802.1AX-2008标准：链路聚合技术详解

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"IEEE Std 802.1AX-2008 是一个关于本地和城域网络链路聚合的标准，由IEEE计算机学会的局域网/城域网标准委员会赞助制定。该标准旨在提高以太网网络的带宽和可靠性，通过将多个物理链路聚合为一个逻辑链路来实现。" IEEE Std 802.1AX-2008 链路聚合标准，也称为LinkAggregation Control Protocol (LACP) 或简称为LAG（链路聚合组），是IEEE 802.1系列标准的一部分，专注于网络连接的聚合和管理。这个标准定义了一种方法，允许网络设备，如交换机和路由器，将多个物理以太网链路组合在一起，形成一个逻辑上的高带宽、高可用性的单一连接。这种聚合链接能够提供比单个链路更高的数据传输速率，并且通过负载均衡和故障切换提高了网络的可靠性。在802.1AX中，链路聚合有两种模式：静态聚合和动态聚合（LACP）。静态聚合不依赖于LACP协议，而是由网络管理员手动配置，将接口绑定在一起。而动态聚合使用LACP协议，设备之间交换控制信息以自动协商和管理聚合组的成员资格和状态。标准中包含了以下关键概念： 1. **链路聚合组（Aggregate Port）**：由两个或多个物理端口组成，这些端口共享一个聚合标识符（AGID），并作为一个单一的逻辑端口进行操作。 2. **负载均衡（Load Balancing）**：数据包在聚合组内的多个链路上按照预定算法分布，以最大化带宽利用率。 3. **聚合控制协议（LACP）**：LACP协议用于动态协商和监控链路聚合组的成员资格，确保所有参与设备之间的配置一致，并在链路故障时进行恢复。 4. **活动端口（Active Ports）与备用端口（Standby Ports）**：活动端口承载流量，而备用端口在活动端口失效时接管流量，提供故障保护。 5. **链路优先级和系统MAC地址**：用于确定聚合组中的端口角色和选举主设备，以防止环路和冲突。通过802.1AX，网络管理员可以灵活地配置和调整网络带宽，同时增强网络的稳定性和容错能力。此外，该标准的实施也有助于简化网络管理和维护，因为它允许在不中断服务的情况下添加、删除或更换物理链路。 IEEE Std 802.1AX-2008是现代企业网络基础设施中不可或缺的一部分，它通过链路聚合技术提升了网络性能和可靠性，是构建高效、冗余网络的重要工具。

6.3.1.1 Aggregator attributes ......................................................................... 86

6.3.1.1.1 aAggID.......................................................................... 86

6.3.1.1.2 aAggDescription ........................................................... 86

6.3.1.1.3 aAggName .................................................................... 87

6.3.1.1.4 aAggActorSystemID..................................................... 87

6.3.1.1.5 aAggActorSystemPriority............................................. 87

6.3.1.1.6 aAggAggregateOrIndividual ........................................ 87

6.3.1.1.7 aAggActorAdminKey................................................... 87

6.3.1.1.8 aAggActorOperKey ...................................................... 88

6.3.1.1.9 aAggMACAddress........................................................ 88

6.3.1.1.10 aAggPartnerSystemID .................................................. 88

6.3.1.1.11 aAggPartnerSystemPriority .......................................... 88

6.3.1.1.12 aAggPartnerOperKey.................................................... 88

6.3.1.1.13 aAggAdminState........................................................... 89

6.3.1.1.14 aAggOperState.............................................................. 89

6.3.1.1.15 aAggTimeOfLastOperChange ...................................... 89

6.3.1.1.16 aAggDataRate............................................................... 89

6.3.1.1.17 aAggOctetsTxOK ......................................................... 90

6.3.1.1.18 aAggOctetsRxOK ......................................................... 90

6.3.1.1.19 aAggFramesTxOK........................................................ 90

6.3.1.1.20 aAggFramesRxOK........................................................ 90

6.3.1.1.21 aAggMulticastFramesTxOK......................................... 91

6.3.1.1.22 aAggMulticastFramesRxOK ........................................ 91

6.3.1.1.23 aAggBroadcastFramesTxOK........................................ 91

6.3.1.1.24 aAggBroadcastFramesRxOK........................................ 91

6.3.1.1.25 aAggFramesDiscardedOnTx ........................................ 92

6.3.1.1.26 aAggFramesDiscardedOnRx ........................................ 92

6.3.1.1.27 aAggFramesWithTxErrors............................................ 92

6.3.1.1.28 aAggFramesWithRxErrors ........................................... 92

6.3.1.1.29 aAggUnknownProtocolFrames..................................... 93

6.3.1.1.30 aAggPortList................................................................. 93

6.3.1.1.31 aAggLinkUpDownNotificationEnable ......................... 93

6.3.1.1.32 aAggCollectorMaxDelay .............................................. 93

6.3.1.2 Aggregator Notifications ................................................................... 93

6.3.1.2.1 nAggLinkUpNotification.............................................. 93

6.3.1.2.2 nAggLinkDownNotification......................................... 94

6.3.2 Aggregation Port managed object class................................................................. 94

6.3.2.1 Aggregation Port Attributes............................................................... 94

6.3.2.1.1 aAggPortID................................................................... 94

6.3.2.1.2 aAggPortActorSystemPriority ...................................... 94

6.3.2.1.3 aAggPortActorSystemID .............................................. 94

6.3.2.1.4 aAggPortActorAdminKey ............................................ 95

6.3.2.1.5 aAggPortActorOperKey ............................................... 95

6.3.2.1.6 aAggPortPartnerAdminSystemPriority ........................ 95

6.3.2.1.7 aAggPortPartnerOperSystemPriority............................ 95

6.3.2.1.8 aAggPortPartnerAdminSystemID ................................ 95

6.3.2.1.9 aAggPortPartnerOperSystemID.................................... 96

6.3.2.1.10 aAggPortPartnerAdminKey.......................................... 96

6.3.2.1.11 aAggPortPartnerOperKey............................................. 96

6.3.2.1.12 aAggPortSelectedAggID .............................................. 96

6.3.2.1.13 aAggPortAttachedAggID.............................................. 97

6.3.2.1.14 aAggPortActorPort ....................................................... 97

6.3.2.1.15 aAggPortActorPortPriority ........................................... 97

6.3.2.1.16 aAggPortPartnerAdminPort.......................................... 97

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6.3.2.1.17 aAggPortPartnerOperPort............................................. 97

6.3.2.1.18 aAggPortPartnerAdminPortPriority.............................. 98

6.3.2.1.19 aAggPortPartnerOperPortPriority................................. 98

6.3.2.1.20 aAggPortActorAdminState........................................... 98

6.3.2.1.21 aAggPortActorOperState .............................................. 98

6.3.2.1.22 aAggPortPartnerAdminState ........................................ 98

6.3.2.1.23 aAggPortPartnerOperState............................................ 99

6.3.2.1.24 aAggPortAggregateOrIndividual.................................. 99

6.3.3 Aggregation Port Statistics managed object class ................................................. 99

6.3.3.1 Aggregation Port Statistics attributes ................................................ 99

6.3.3.1.1 aAggPortStatsID ........................................................... 99

6.3.3.1.2 aAggPortStatsLACPDUsRx ......................................... 99

6.3.3.1.3 aAggPortStatsMarkerPDUsRx ................................... 100

6.3.3.1.4 aAggPortStatsMarkerResponsePDUsRx .................... 100

6.3.3.1.5 aAggPortStatsUnknownRx......................................... 100

6.3.3.1.6 aAggPortStatsIllegalRx .............................................. 100

6.3.3.1.7 aAggPortStatsLACPDUsTx ....................................... 100

6.3.3.1.8 aAggPortStatsMarkerPDUsTx.................................... 101

6.3.3.1.9 aAggPortStatsMarkerResponsePDUsTx .................... 101

6.3.4 Aggregation Port Debug Information managed object class ............................... 101

6.3.4.1 Aggregation Port Debug Information attributes .............................. 101

6.3.4.1.1 aAggPortDebugInformationID ................................... 101

6.3.4.1.2 aAggPortDebugRxState.............................................. 101

6.3.4.1.3 aAggPortDebugLastRxTime ...................................... 102

6.3.4.1.4 aAggPortDebugMuxState ........................................... 102

6.3.4.1.5 aAggPortDebugMuxReason ....................................... 102

6.3.4.1.6 aAggPortDebugActorChurnState ............................... 102

6.3.4.1.7 aAggPortDebugPartnerChurnState............................. 103

6.3.4.1.8 aAggPortDebugActorChurnCount.............................. 103

6.3.4.1.9 aAggPortDebugPartnerChurnCount ........................... 103

6.3.4.1.10 aAggPortDebugActorSyncTransitionCount ............... 103

6.3.4.1.11 aAggPortDebugPartnerSyncTransitionCount............. 104

6.3.4.1.12 aAggPortDebugActorChangeCount ........................... 104

6.3.4.1.13 aAggPortDebugPartnerChangeCount......................... 104

Annex A (informative) Collection and Distribution functions .................................................................... 105

A.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 105

A.2 Port selection........................................................................................................................ 106

A.3 Dynamic reallocation of conversations to different ports.................................................... 106

A.4 Topology considerations in the choice of distribution algorithm ........................................ 107

Annex B (informative) LACP standby link selection and dynamic Key management ............................... 109

B.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 109

B.2 Goals .................................................................................................................................... 109

B.3 Standby link selection.......................................................................................................... 109

B.4 Dynamic Key management.................................................................................................. 110

B.5 A dynamic Key management algorithm .............................................................................. 110

B.6 Example 1 ............................................................................................................................ 112

B.7 Example 2 ............................................................................................................................ 112

Annex C (normative) SNMP MIB definitions for Link Aggregation ......................................................... 115

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C.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 115

C.2 The SNMP Management Framework .................................................................................. 115

C.3 Security considerations ........................................................................................................ 115

C.4 Structure of the MIB ............................................................................................................ 116

C.4.1 Relationship to the managed objects defined in Clause 6 ................................... 116

C.4.2 The Aggregator Group......................................................................................... 119

C.4.3 The Aggregator Port List Group .......................................................................... 119

C.4.4 The Aggregation Port Group ............................................................................... 120

C.4.5 The Aggregation Port Statistics Group................................................................ 120

C.4.6 The Aggregation Port Debug Group.................................................................... 120

C.5 Relationship to other MIBs.................................................................................................. 120

C.5.1 Relationship to the Interfaces MIB...................................................................... 120

C.5.2 Layering model .................................................................................................... 121

C.5.3 ifStackTable ......................................................................................................... 121

C.5.4 ifRcvAddressTable .............................................................................................. 121

C.6 Definitions for Link Aggregation MIB................................................................................ 121

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IEEE

Std 802.1AX-2008 IEEE STANDARD FOR LOCAL AND METROPOLITAN

2. Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must

be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is

explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of

the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.

IEEE Std 802

-2001, IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Overview and

Architecture.

1, 2

IEEE Std 802.1D

, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Media Access Control (MAC)

Bridges.

IEEE Std 802.3

, IEEE Standard for Information technology—Telecommunications and information

exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements—Part 3: Carrier

Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer

Specifications.

IETF RFC 1155, Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-based Internets,

Rose, M., and K. McCloghrie, May 1990.

IETF RFC 1157, A Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Case, J., Fedor, M., Schoffstall, M., and

J. Davin, May 1990.

IETF RFC 1212, Concise MIB Definitions, Rose, M., and K. McCloghrie, March 1991.

IETF RFC 1213 (IETF STD 17), Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based

internets: MIB-II, McCloghrie K., and M. Rose, Editors, March 1991.

IETF RFC 1215, A Convention for Defining Traps for use with the SNMP, M. Rose, March 1991.

IETF RFC 1901, Introduction to Community-based SNMPv2, Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., and S.

Waldbusser, January 1996.

ISO/IEC 8824: 1990, Information technology—Open Systems Interconnection—Specification of Abstract

Syntax Notation One (ASN.1).

ISO/IEC 10165-2: 1992, Information technology—Open Systems Interconnection—Structure of

management information: Definition of management information.

ISO/IEC 10165-4: 1992, Information technology—Open Systems Interconnection—Management

information services—Structure of management information—Part 4: Guidelines for the definition of

managed objects.

ISO/IEC 15802-1: 1995, Information technology—Telecommunications and information exchange between

systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Common specifications—Part 1: Medium Access

Control (MAC) service definition.

IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ, 08854,

USA (http://standards.ieee.org/).

The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trademarks of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

IETF RFCs are available from the Internet Engineering Task Force website at http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html.

ISO/IEC publications are available from the ISO Central Secretariat, Case Postale 56, 1 rue de Varembé, CH-1211, Genève 20, Swit-

zerland/Suisse (http://www.iso.ch/). ISO publications are also available in the United States from the Sales Department, American

National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http://www.ansi.org/).

Authorized licensed use limited to: Nokia Siemens Networks. Downloaded on July 10, 2009 at 09:49 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

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