Spring实践指南

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"Spring in Practice" 是一本关于Spring框架的实践指南，类似于"Spring in Action"，适合有一定英文基础的读者阅读。本书由Willie Wheeler和Joshua White合作撰写，覆盖了Spring 3版本的内容。在Spring框架的实践中，本书可能会深入探讨以下几个核心知识点： 1. **Spring IoC (Inversion of Control) 容器**：这是Spring的核心特性，通过它，开发者可以将对象的创建和管理交由Spring容器处理，实现依赖注入，提高代码的可测试性和灵活性。 2. **AOP（面向切面编程）**：Spring提供了AOP支持，允许开发者定义横切关注点，如日志、事务管理等，实现代码解耦。 3. **Bean的配置和装配**：书中会讲解XML和注解两种方式配置Spring Bean，以及如何使用@Autowired、@Qualifier等注解进行自动装配。 4. **数据访问集成**：Spring支持多种数据访问技术，包括JDBC、ORM（对象关系映射）框架如Hibernate和MyBatis，以及NoSQL数据库的集成。 5. **Spring MVC**：Spring的Web MVC框架是构建RESTful服务和Web应用的重要工具，书中会涵盖控制器、视图解析、模型绑定等概念。 6. **Spring Boot**：虽然标题提到的是Spring 3，但Spring Boot已经成为了Spring应用开发的新标准，如果书中有所涉及，会介绍快速启动、自动配置等特性。 7. **测试支持**：Spring提供丰富的测试支持，包括单元测试、集成测试和Mock对象，帮助开发者编写高质量的测试代码。 8. **Spring Security**：这是一套强大的安全框架，可能包含身份验证、授权、会话管理等安全相关的实践。 9. **Spring的云原生支持**：可能涵盖Spring Cloud组件，如配置中心、服务发现、负载均衡等，适用于微服务架构。 10. **企业级应用集成**：Spring对JMS、JMX、EJB等企业级服务有良好的支持，可能讲解如何在实际项目中使用这些功能。本书作为实战性质的指南，还会包含实际案例和示例代码，帮助读者理解如何在实际工作中运用Spring框架解决具体问题。通过阅读本书，读者有望提升在Spring框架下的开发技能和实践经验。

acknowledgments

Willie here. As a longtime acknowledgments reader, I’m familiar with the typical

expressions of gratitude aimed toward one’s significant other, children, and other

inconvenienced parties. But sitting now in the writer’s seat, I more fully appreciate

how inadequate even the more vigorous of these expressions are.

I owe my first and largest debt to my wife, Raylene, who supported my efforts far

beyond what was fair to ask or expect. Personal shame prevents me from describing

the many sacrifices she made on my behalf, but, suffice it to say that she’s eagerly look-

ing forward to receiving her copy of the book so she can set it aflame. Thank you, Ray-

lene, for making this book possible—your name belongs on the cover of this book

every bit as much as mine does.

Next, I thank our children, Max, Jude, Lucy, and Ben, two of whom have never

known life without “the book.” They, like their mom, have been nothing but patient

and supportive during the entire process, and I am deeply grateful.

Thanks to my in-laws, Ray, Jane, Renee, Rana, and Raymond, for making their

home available to my family for many weekend getaways.

And, of course, big thanks to my coauthor, Josh, for helping get the book across

the finish line.

Both Josh and I would like to thank the team at Manning: Marjan Bace, Cynthia

Kane, Elizabeth Martin, Mary Piergies, Maureen Spencer, Tiffany Taylor, and Megan

Yockey. A special and heartfelt thanks to our development editor, Cynthia Kane.

Besides providing outstanding support on the editorial side, Cynthia was a driving

www.it-ebooks.info

ABOUT SPRING

xviii

■

There’s a distinction between the framework’s core and its various “portfolio”

projects. The core framework addresses general development needs, such as

database development, object/relational mapping, transactions, web develop-

ment, and so on. The portfolio projects are more special-purpose. One good

way to learn Spring is to learn the basics of the core framework first and then

move on to portfolio projects.

■

Certain approaches and patterns, such as POJOs, dependency injection, tem-

plates, AOP-based auto proxying, and so forth, recur throughout the frame-

work. Learning Spring is a matter of learning a reasonably constrained set of

core approaches.

■

One of the original approaches was XML-based configuration. Over time, some

developers became grumpy about this: it requires a lot of explicit bean wiring,

and XML compares unfavorably to terser formats like JSON, YAML, and perhaps

even Java. Spring addressed this by adding a number of simpler configuration

options, including namespace-based, annotation-based, and Java-based.

■

Spring’s development team pays attention to what’s happening outside the Java

world and freely adopts ideas that offer simplifications. Ruby on Rails has been

a particularly rich source of such ideas—Spring Roo and Grails are essentially

Rails clones, bringing Rails-like development to Java and Groovy, respectively.

(SpringSource leads the development of the Groovy language and the Grails

framework.)

■

Spring has strong IDE support in the form of the Spring Tool Suite (STS),

which is a branded and extended version of Eclipse. This support makes it eas-

ier to visualize bean dependencies, to understand where aspect-oriented pro-

gramming (AOP) advice is being applied, and so on. Some of the portfolio

projects have additional IDE integration, such as Spring Integration with inte-

gration visualizations.

This isn’t a complete list, but it gives the basic idea.

Our hope in writing this book is to make the learning curve gentler. We do this by

presenting a reasonably wide range of problems you’re likely to encounter at some

point (if you haven’t already) and showing how Spring can help you solve them. The

core framework appears throughout, so you’ll get plenty of practice with that. But we

also pull in several portfolio projects, mostly because they’re appropriate to the prob-

lem at hand, but also because seeing them will help you develop a sense for the recur-

ring themes.

By the end of this book, you’ll have a broad understanding of the core framework

and many of the portfolio projects. You’ll also have sufficient practical knowledge to

do real work with Spring. We won’t make you an expert, but you’ll understand

enough of the nuts and bolts to know roughly what the answers look like and where to

find them.

www.it-ebooks.info

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