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首页LAMMPS:大规模原子分子模拟器用户手册
LAMMPS:大规模原子分子模拟器用户手册
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更新于2024-07-17
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"LAMMPS2017.pdf 是一份关于LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator) 的用户手册,适用于2017年3月31日的版本。LAMMPS是一个开源的分子动力学模拟软件,由Sandia National Laboratories开发,遵循GNU General Public License。手册涵盖了LAMMPS的基本介绍、安装指南、命令详解等内容,旨在帮助用户理解和使用这款强大的计算工具进行原子和分子级别的大规模并行模拟。"
LAMMPS是一款广泛应用于计算化学领域的软件,其主要功能是进行分子动力学模拟。分子动力学研究的是由力场模型描述的粒子系统随时间演化的动力学行为,例如在物理、化学、材料科学和生物科学中的各种过程。LAMMPS支持多种模拟场景,包括但不限于:
1. **分子系统的基础模拟**:如液体、固体、气态物质的行为。
2. **相变和结晶过程**:研究物质从一种相转变为另一种相的过程,如固态到液态或气态的变化。
3. **材料的形变和断裂**:模拟材料在不同条件下的力学性能。
4. **化学反应**:模拟化学键的形成和断裂,研究新化合物的生成机理。
5. **生物分子模拟**:如蛋白质折叠、DNA结构分析等生物过程。
手册中详细介绍了如何开始使用LAMMPS。首先,用户会了解LAMMPS的分发内容,包括源代码和其他必备文件。然后,按照指导编译和构建LAMMPS,可以选择包含可选的包来扩展其功能。通过Make.py工具可以简化构建过程,还可以将LAMMPS构建为一个库供其他程序调用。运行LAMMPS时,可以设置不同的命令行选项,并理解其屏幕输出的信息。
LAMMPS的输入脚本是控制模拟的关键,手册中讲解了输入脚本的解析规则和结构,以及按照类别列出的命令,如Fix、Compute、Pair风格的势能函数,以及Bond、Angle、Dihedral和Improper风格的势能函数。这些命令用于定义系统的初始状态、力场参数、时间步长、模拟时间长度、温度和压力控制,以及数据输出等。
LAMMPS的强大在于其灵活的可扩展性,允许用户自定义新的计算方法和势能函数,适应不同的模拟需求。用户可以根据手册提供的信息,结合自身的科研目标,深入学习和掌握LAMMPS的使用,从而在科学研究中实现高效的模拟计算。
Table of Contents
PyLammps Tutorial
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/intel command...........................................................................1417
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/opt command.............................................................................1417
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/omp command...........................................................................1417
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/msm command..................................................................................1417
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/msm/omp command..........................................................................1417
pair_style lj/charmmfsw/coul/charmmfsh command..................................................................1417
pair_style lj/charmmfsw/coul/long command.............................................................................1417
pair_style lj/class2 command......................................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/gpu command...............................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/kk command.................................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/omp command..............................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/coul/cut command........................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/coul/cut/kk command...................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/coul/cut/omp command................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/coul/long command......................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/coul/long/gpu command...............................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/coul/long/kk command.................................................................................1422
pair_style lj/class2/coul/long/omp command..............................................................................1422
pair_style colloid command........................................................................................................1425
pair_style colloid/gpu command.................................................................................................1425
pair_style colloid/omp command................................................................................................1425
pair_style comb command...........................................................................................................1430
pair_style comb/omp command..................................................................................................1430
pair_style comb3 command.........................................................................................................1430
pair_style coul/cut command.......................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/cut/gpu command...............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/cut/kk command.................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/cut/omp command..............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/debye command..................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/debye/gpu command...........................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/debye/kk command.............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/debye/omp command..........................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/dsf command.......................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/dsf/gpu command...............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/dsf/kk command.................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/dsf/omp command..............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/long command....................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/long/cs command................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/long/omp command............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/long/gpu command.............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/long/kk command...............................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/msm command....................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/msm/omp command...........................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/streitz command..................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/wolf command....................................................................................................1434
pair_style coul/wolf/kk command...............................................................................................1435
pair_style coul/wolf/omp command............................................................................................1435
LAMMPS Users Manual
xv
Table of Contents
PyLammps Tutorial
pair_style tip4p/cut command.....................................................................................................1435
pair_style tip4p/long command...................................................................................................1435
pair_style tip4p/cut/omp command.............................................................................................1435
pair_style tip4p/long/omp command...........................................................................................1435
pair_style coul/diel command.....................................................................................................1441
pair_style coul/diel/omp command.............................................................................................1441
pair_style born/coul/long/cs command.......................................................................................1443
pair_style buck/coul/long/cs command.......................................................................................1443
pair_style born/coul/dsf/cs command..........................................................................................1443
pair_style lj/cut/dipole/cut command..........................................................................................1445
pair_style lj/cut/dipole/cut/gpu command...................................................................................1445
pair_style lj/cut/dipole/cut/omp command..................................................................................1445
pair_style lj/sf/dipole/sf command..............................................................................................1445
pair_style lj/sf/dipole/sf/gpu command.......................................................................................1445
pair_style lj/sf/dipole/sf/omp command......................................................................................1445
pair_style lj/cut/dipole/long command........................................................................................1445
pair_style lj/long/dipole/long command......................................................................................1445
pair_style dpd command.............................................................................................................1453
pair_style dpd/gpu command......................................................................................................1453
pair_style dpd/omp command.....................................................................................................1453
pair_style dpd/tstat command......................................................................................................1453
pair_style dpd/tstat/gpu command...............................................................................................1453
pair_style dpd/tstat/omp command.............................................................................................1453
pair_style dpd/fdt command........................................................................................................1457
pair_style dpd/fdt/energy command............................................................................................1457
pair_style dsmc command...........................................................................................................1460
pair_style eam command.............................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/gpu command......................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/intel command.....................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/kk command........................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/omp command.....................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/opt command.......................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/alloy command....................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/alloy/gpu command.............................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/alloy/kk command...............................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/alloy/omp command...........................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/alloy/opt command.............................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/cd command........................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/cd/omp command................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/fs command.........................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/fs/gpu command..................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/fs/kk command....................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/fs/omp command.................................................................................................1463
pair_style eam/fs/opt command...................................................................................................1463
pair_style edip command.............................................................................................................1471
pair_style eff/cut command.........................................................................................................1474
pair_style eim command.............................................................................................................1480
LAMMPS Users Manual
xvi
Table of Contents
PyLammps Tutorial
pair_style eim/omp command.....................................................................................................1480
pair_style exp6/rx command.......................................................................................................1484
pair_style gauss command...........................................................................................................1487
pair_style gauss/gpu command...................................................................................................1487
pair_style gauss/omp command..................................................................................................1487
pair_style gauss/cut command.....................................................................................................1487
pair_style gauss/cut/omp command............................................................................................1487
pair_style gayberne command.....................................................................................................1490
pair_style gayberne/gpu command..............................................................................................1490
pair_style gayberne/intel command.............................................................................................1490
pair_style gayberne/omp command.............................................................................................1490
pair_style gran/hooke command.................................................................................................1494
pair_style gran/omp command....................................................................................................1494
pair_style gran/hooke/history command.....................................................................................1494
pair_style gran/hooke/history/omp command.............................................................................1494
pair_style gran/hertz/history command.......................................................................................1494
pair_style gran/hertz/history/omp command...............................................................................1494
pair_style lj/gromacs command...................................................................................................1499
pair_style lj/gromacs/gpu command...........................................................................................1499
pair_style lj/gromacs/omp command..........................................................................................1499
pair_style lj/gromacs/coul/gromacs command............................................................................1499
pair_style lj/gromacs/coul/gromacs/omp command....................................................................1499
pair_style hbond/dreiding/lj command........................................................................................1502
pair_style hbond/dreiding/lj/omp command...............................................................................1502
pair_style hbond/dreiding/morse command................................................................................1502
pair_style hbond/dreiding/morse/omp command........................................................................1502
pair_style hybrid command.........................................................................................................1507
pair_style hybrid/omp command.................................................................................................1507
pair_style hybrid/overlay command............................................................................................1507
pair_style hybrid/overlay/omp command....................................................................................1507
pair_style kim command.............................................................................................................1513
pair_style kolmogorov/crespi/z command..................................................................................1515
pair_style lcbop command...........................................................................................................1517
pair_style line/lj command..........................................................................................................1519
pair_style list command...............................................................................................................1522
pair_style lj/cut command...........................................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/gpu command....................................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/intel command...................................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/kk command......................................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/opt command.....................................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/omp command...................................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/cut command.............................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/cut/gpu command......................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/cut/omp command.....................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/debye command.........................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/debye/gpu command.................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/debye/kk command...................................................................................1525
LAMMPS Users Manual
xvii
Table of Contents
PyLammps Tutorial
pair_style lj/cut/coul/debye/omp command................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/dsf command.............................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/dsf/gpu command......................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/dsf/kk command........................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/dsf/omp command.....................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long command...........................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long/cs command.......................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long/gpu command....................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long/intel command...................................................................................1525
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long/opt command.....................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long/omp command...................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/coul/msm command..........................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/coul/msm/gpu command...................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/coul/msm/omp command..................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/tip4p/cut command............................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/tip4p/cut/omp command....................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/tip4p/long command..........................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/tip4p/long/omp command.................................................................................1526
pair_style lj/cut/tip4p/long/opt command...................................................................................1526
pair_style lj96/cut command.......................................................................................................1532
pair_style lj96/cut/gpu command................................................................................................1532
pair_style lj96/cut/omp command...............................................................................................1532
pair_style lj/cubic command.......................................................................................................1534
pair_style lj/cubic/gpu command................................................................................................1534
pair_style lj/cubic/omp command...............................................................................................1534
pair_style lj/expand command.....................................................................................................1536
pair_style lj/expand/gpu command.............................................................................................1536
pair_style lj/expand/omp command............................................................................................1536
pair_style lj/long/coul/long command.........................................................................................1538
pair_style lj/long/coul/long/omp command.................................................................................1538
pair_style lj/long/coul/long/opt command...................................................................................1538
pair_style lj/long/tip4p/long command.......................................................................................1538
pair_style lj/sf command.............................................................................................................1542
pair_style lj/sf/omp command.....................................................................................................1542
pair_style lj/smooth command....................................................................................................1544
pair_style lj/smooth/omp command............................................................................................1544
pair_style lj/smooth/linear command..........................................................................................1546
pair_style lj/smooth/linear/omp command..................................................................................1546
pair_style lj/cut/soft command....................................................................................................1548
pair_style lj/cut/soft/omp command............................................................................................1548
pair_style lj/cut/coul/cut/soft command......................................................................................1548
pair_style lj/cut/coul/cut/soft/omp command..............................................................................1548
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long/soft command....................................................................................1548
pair_style lj/cut/coul/long/soft/omp command............................................................................1548
pair_style lj/cut/tip4p/long/soft command...................................................................................1548
pair_style lj/cut/tip4p/long/soft/omp command..........................................................................1548
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/soft command............................................................................1548
LAMMPS Users Manual
xviii
Table of Contents
PyLammps Tutorial
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/soft/omp command...................................................................1548
pair_style coul/cut/soft command...............................................................................................1548
pair_style coul/cut/soft/omp command.......................................................................................1548
pair_style coul/long/soft command.............................................................................................1548
pair_style coul/long/soft/omp command.....................................................................................1548
pair_style tip4p/long/soft command............................................................................................1548
pair_style tip4p/long/soft/omp command....................................................................................1548
pair_style lubricate command.....................................................................................................1553
pair_style lubricate/omp command.............................................................................................1553
pair_style lubricate/poly command.............................................................................................1553
pair_style lubricate/poly/omp command.....................................................................................1553
pair_style lubricateU command...................................................................................................1557
pair_style lubricateU/poly command..........................................................................................1557
pair_style lj/mdf command..........................................................................................................1561
pair_style buck/mdf command....................................................................................................1561
pair_style lennard/mdf command................................................................................................1561
pair_style meam command..........................................................................................................1564
pair_style meam/spline................................................................................................................1570
pair_style meam/spline/omp........................................................................................................1570
pair_style meam/sw/spline..........................................................................................................1573
pair_style meam/sw/spline/omp..................................................................................................1573
pair_style mgpt command...........................................................................................................1576
pair_style mie/cut command.......................................................................................................1580
pair_style mie/cut/gpu command................................................................................................1580
pair_style momb command.........................................................................................................1582
pair_style morse command..........................................................................................................1584
pair_style morse/gpu command...................................................................................................1584
pair_style morse/omp command.................................................................................................1584
pair_style morse/opt command...................................................................................................1584
pair_style morse/smooth/linear command...................................................................................1584
pair_style morse/smooth/linear/omp command..........................................................................1584
pair_style morse/soft command...................................................................................................1584
pair_style morse/kk command.....................................................................................................1584
pair_style multi/lucy command...................................................................................................1587
pair_style multi/lucy/rx command...............................................................................................1591
pair_style nb3b/harmonic command...........................................................................................1595
pair_style nb3b/harmonic/omp command...................................................................................1595
pair_style nm/cut command........................................................................................................1597
pair_style nm/cut/coul/cut command..........................................................................................1597
pair_style nm/cut/coul/long command........................................................................................1597
pair_style nm/cut/omp command................................................................................................1597
pair_style nm/cut/coul/cut/omp command..................................................................................1597
pair_style nm/cut/coul/long/omp command................................................................................1597
pair_style none command............................................................................................................1600
pair_style oxdna/excv command.................................................................................................1601
pair_style oxdna/stk command....................................................................................................1601
pair_style oxdna/hbond command...............................................................................................1601
LAMMPS Users Manual
xix
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