第
38
卷
第
9
期
煤
炭 科 学 技 术
Vol. 38 No. 9
2010
年
9
月
Coal Science and Technology
Sept. 2010
不同支护结构对深部巷道围岩变形的时效分析
杨
大林
1,2
,
王
文龙
1,2
,
张
忠宇
3
,
靖
洪文
1,2
( 1.
中
国矿业大学 深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室
,
江苏 徐州
221008;
2.
中国矿业大学 力学与建筑工程学院
,
江苏 徐州
221008; 3.
江苏省交通科学研究院股份有限公司
,
江苏 南京
210017)
摘 要
:
为合理选择深部软岩巷
道的支护形式和支护时机
,
采用有限差分软件
FLAC
3D
,
考
虑围岩
强度的时效性
,
分别研究了锚杆锚索主动支护结构
、U
型钢和壳体被动支护结构及反拱加底板锚杆
支护结构对深部软岩巷道围岩变形的控制作用
。
结果表明
:
因围岩强度的时效性
,
岩体之间作用减
弱
,
锚杆
、
锚索等柔性支护结构调动岩体发挥承载作用的能力降低
,
围岩变形明显
;
巷道前期剧烈
变形后
,
因锚杆锚索具有一定围岩自身承载能力
,
施加刚性支护可有效控制巷道变形
;
底拱和底板
锚杆有利于改善底板围岩受力环境以及控制巷道围岩变形整体协调性
;
注浆是改善围岩变形时效性
的有效手段
。
提出初期以高预应力
、
高强度锚杆等进行支抗与卸压
,
后期以刚性支护及注浆进行加
固的巷道支护对策
。
关键词
:
深部巷道
;
软岩
;
支护结构
;
时效性
;
围岩变形
中图分类号
: TD313
文献标志码
: A
文章编号
: 0253 - 2336 ( 2010) 09 - 0014 - 05
Analysis on Time Effect of Different Support Structure to
Surrounding Rock Deformation of Deep Mine Roadway
YANG Da-lin
1,2
,WANG Wen-long
1,2
,ZHANG Zhong-yu
3
,JING Hong-wen
1,2
( 1. State Key Lab of Deep Rock and Soil Mechanics and Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,
Xuzhou 221008,China; 2. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,
Xuzhou 221008,China; 3. Jiangsu Provincial Transportation Research Institute Company Ltd. ,Nanjing 210017,China)
Abstract: In order to rationally select the support mode and support opportunity of the deep mine soft rock roadway,in consideration of
the time effect of the surrounding rock strength,the finite deferential software FLAC
3D
was applied to individually study the control function
of the bolt and anchor active support structures,the U type steel bar and shell unactive support structure and the reversed arch plus floor
bolt support structure to the surrounding rock deformation of the deep mine soft rock roadway. The study results showed that due to the
time effect of the surrounding rock strength,the function between the rock masses would be reduced,to play the bearing function of the
rock mass by the bolt,anchor and other flexible support structure would be reduced and the deformation of the surrounding rocks would be
obvious. After the initial serious deformation of the mine roadway,due to the self bearing capacity of the partial surrounding rocks,the
bolt and anchor with the rigid support would be effective to control the roadway deformation. The floor arch and floor bolt would be favora-
ble to improve the load environment of the floor surrounding rock and to control the integrated coordination of the roadway surrounding rock
deformation. The grouting would be the effective means to improve the time effect of the surrounding rock deformation. The paper pro-
posed that at the initial period,the high pre - stressed and high strength bolt and others could be applied for the support and the pressure
releasing and later,the rigid support and grouting could be applied as the countermeasures of the mine roadway support.
Key words: deep mine roadway; soft rock; support structure; time effect;
surrounding rock deformation
基
金项目
:
国家自然科学基金资助项目
( 50674083,50490273 )
;
“
十
一五
”
国家科技支撑计划资助项目
( 2008BAB36B07)
1
概 述
研
究表明
:
煤矿开采进入深部以后
,
地质力学
环境远比浅部复杂得多
,
巷道围岩在高应力以及风
化
、
水化等作用下
,
强度衰减
,
承载能力降低
,
从
而导致巷道围岩长期变形不止
[1 - 4]
,
给
支护与开采
带来了很大困难
。
目前
,
对于深部软岩的支护一般
采用锚网喷
、
锚索
、
锚注或钢拱架等中的一种或联
合形式
[5 - 9]
,
但由于围岩强度的时
效性
,
造成深部
软岩巷道合理支护形式的选择及支护时机的确定比
较困难
,
有必要对不同支护结构与巷道围岩变形时
41
DOI:10.13199/j.cst.2010.09.19.yangdl.004