提升直接乙醇燃料电池阳极催化剂耐CO性能：Pt-MoOx-TiO2电极合成与表征
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"这篇论文是2011年发表在《国际矿物、冶金与材料》期刊上的，由王秀玉、张景昌、曹旭东、姜元生和朱虹共同撰写，研究了用于直接乙醇燃料电池的Pt-MoOx-TiO2电极的合成与表征。其主要目的是提升直接乙醇燃料电池阳极催化剂对一氧化碳(CO)的耐受性能。通过将碳纳米管(CNTs)修饰为二氧化钛(CNTs@TiO2)作为支撑，制备了Pt/CNTs@TiO2和Pt-Mo/CNTs@TiO2催化剂。"
文章详细介绍了研究人员采用的一种创新方法，即通过在碳纳米管上负载二氧化钛来改善催化剂的性能。二氧化钛的引入不仅增强了碳纳米管的稳定性，还为铂(Pt)颗粒提供了更稳定的支撑平台。实验中，他们首先制备了CNTs@TiO2复合材料，然后在此基础上负载铂(Pt)和钼(Mo)的氧化物，形成Pt-MoOx-TiO2电极。这种设计旨在提高催化剂对一氧化碳的耐受性，因为一氧化碳会中毒燃料电池中的铂催化剂，降低其催化活性。
直接乙醇燃料电池(Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell, DEFC)是一种具有潜力的可再生能源技术，它能直接利用乙醇作为燃料，生成电力。然而，DEFC面临的主要挑战之一就是乙醇氧化过程中可能产生的副产品一氧化碳，这对铂催化剂的活性造成严重影响。因此，研究高效、CO-tolerant的催化剂至关重要。
论文中，作者对所制备的电极进行了详细的物理和化学表征，包括结构分析、形貌观察、成分鉴定等，以评估其电化学性能。这些表征技术可能包括透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能量色散X射线光谱(EDX)和电化学工作站等。通过这些分析，他们能够了解Pt-MoOx-TiO2电极的微观结构、成分分布以及它们在电池中的实际催化效率。
此外，文中还可能涉及了电极在实际DEFC操作条件下的性能测试，如电流密度-电压曲线、持久性测试和CO毒化实验等，以验证新型催化剂在提高燃料电池性能方面的效果。实验结果通常会展示出Pt-MoOx-TiO2电极在抵抗CO毒性、提高乙醇氧化反应速率和电池整体性能方面的优势。
总结来说，这篇论文的研究工作对于理解和优化直接乙醇燃料电池的阳极催化剂具有重要意义，其提出的Pt-MoOx-TiO2电极设计为提高DEFC的稳定性和效率提供了一个新的方向。这一领域的研究对于推动清洁能源技术的发展和广泛应用具有深远的影响。
International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials
Volume 18, Number 5, October 2011, Page 594
DOI: 10.1007/s12613-011-0483-0
Corresponding author: Jing-chang Zhang E-mail: 2007080125@grad.buct.edu.cn
© University of Science and Technology Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011
Synthesis and characterization of Pt-MoO
x
-TiO
2
electrodes for direct
ethanol fuel cells
Xiu-yu Wang
1)
, Jing-chang Zhang
1)
, Xu-dong Cao
2)
, Yuan-sheng Jiang
3)
, and Hong Zhu
1)
1) Institute of Modern Catalyst, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
2) Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa 660673399, Canada
3) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
(Received: 20 September 2010; revised: 17 October 2010; accepted: 26 October 2010)
Abstract: To enhance the CO-tolerance performance of anode catalysts for direct ethanol fuel cells, carbon nanotubes were modified by tita-
nium dioxide (donated as CNTs@TiO
2
) and subsequently served as the support for the preparation of Pt/CNTs@TiO
2
and
Pt-Mo/CNTs@TiO
2
electrocatalysts via a UV-photoreduction method. The physicochemical characterizations of the catalysts were carried
out by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and infrared spec-
troscopy of adsorbed probe ammonia molecules. The electrocatalytic properties of the catalysts for methanol oxidation were investigated by
the cyclic voltammetry technique. The results show that Pt-Mo/CNTs@TiO
2
electrode exhibits the highest performance in all the electrodes.
It is explained that, the structure, the oxidation states, and the acid-base properties of the catalysts are influenced due to the strong interaction
between Ti and Mo species by adding TiO
2
and MoO
x
to the Pt-based catalysts.
Keywords: direct ethanol fuel cell; acidity; metal oxides; electrocatalysts; methanol oxidation; electrochemical properties; carbon naotubes
[This work was financially supported by the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (No. 2006DFA61240). ]
1. Introduction
The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has been increas-
ingly attracting attention as a clean alternative power source
for portable electronic devices [1-2]. It offers the high en-
ergy density and good conversion efficiency of methanol
fuel [1-2]. A major problem of fuel cells is that platinum (Pt)
anode catalysts are often poisoned by intermediates such as
HCHO, HCOOH, and CO, which are produced during
methanol oxidation [3-4]. Efforts of mitigating CO poison-
ing have been attempted through the addition of co-catalysts
to platinum such as Ce, Sn, Ru, and Ln [4-7]. Nano-sized
Pt-Mo alloys [8] were found to possess high CO tolerance in
the oxidation of methanol. Similar results were reported for
Pt-MoO
x
/C with MoO
x
as a co-catalytic material [9]. On the
other hand, TiO
2
electrodes have been used as anodes or
cathodes for some electrochemical reactions such as the
oxygen and chlorine evolution reaction, and oxygen and
methanol oxidation reaction [10-11].
Compared with the extensive studies on the car-
bon-supported Pt-MoO
x
anodic catalysts in DMFC [8-9],
few reports were published on Pt-MoO
x
-TiO
2
nanoparticles
as anode catalysts for DMFC. Now, it is apparently the right
time to explore the catalytic properties of Pt-MoO
x
-TiO
2
nanoparticles prepared by a novel UV-photoreaction method.
Carbon nanotubes were modified by TiO
2
(donated as
CNTs@TiO
2
) and subsequently served as the support for the
preparation of Pt-based catalysts in this research. TiO
2
was
employed as a part of the support material based on the fact
that TiO
2
would generate electrons/holes under UV irradia-
tion [12].
It is expected that the electrons present on the surface of
TiO
2
can directly be involved in reducing platinum ions.
Moreover, the additional advantage in the application of
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